Genetic Determinants Of Hiv Infection - 807 Words

Genetic determinants of HIV infection: HIV has two major types: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 has four groups M, N, O and P. These groups are further classified into subtypes. Group M is a major infecting group worldwide contributing to 90% of HIV-1 infections. Group M is classified into nine subtypes (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J and K). Subtype B is predominantly found in America and Western Europe. The susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, transmission of disease, and response to retroviral therapy depend on the genetic determinants of the host cell. These genetic determinants vary in populations and among patients. These genetic variants regulate chemokine co-receptors and ligands that involve in the entry of the virus, major histocompatibility complex, killer cells Ig like receptor and cytokines, and TRIM5ÃŽ ± motif and apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (Kaur and Mehra, 2009). In genome-wide association studies performed in European population, it was shown that Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) cla ss I variation (Eg. HLA-B*5701) is the major contributor to viral set point and CD4+ T cell decline (Fellay et al., 2010). Cohort study of genetic polymorphism in chemokine receptors in Indian population has shown that protective CCR5 Δ32 variant is rare and CCR5HHE carrying *59402A has the high likelihood of infections (Kaur and Mehra, 2009). HIV Sequence Database contains annotated HIV sequencesShow MoreRelatedThe Health Of The Population Health937 Words   |  4 Pagescombination (Knickman Kovner, 2015). These determinants of health, known as population health determinants generally include genetics, access to health care, individual behavior, social determinant, physical environment (Knickman Kovner, 2015). Determinant factors are fundamental to the prevention of disease, illness, and injury because it illustrates health dispositions on why some individual or population are in better health than another counterpart. HIV/AID is the population health issue I selectedRead MoreThe Health Of The Modern Health Care968 Words   |  4 Pagescombinations (Knickman Kovner, 2015). These determinants of health, known as population health determinants generally include genetics, access to health care, individual behavior, social determinant, physical environment (Knickman Kovner, 2015). Determinant factors are fundamental to the prevention of disease, illness, and injury because it illustrates health dispositions on why some individual or population are in better health than another counterpart. HIV/AID is the population health issue I selectedRead MoreHealth Determinants Affecting A Population s Health Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesassignment is on how health determinants affect a population’s health, I do understand what health is which is being at a states of wellness or free from illness or injury. Or as close to that state as possible because a patient can have a chronic condition and still be at a state of good health just not as good as a person who is free of disease, injury or illness. And I know a determinant is something that determines or effects the outcome of something. So a health determinant to me would be anythingRead MoreEpidemiology HIV Paper1382 Words   |  6 PagesCanyon University: NRS- 427V 12/14/2014 HIV COMMUNICABLE DISEASE AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is defined by the Mayo Clinic as A chronic, potentially life-threatening condition which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV damages the immune system, and interferes with the ability the body has to fight the disease causing organism (Mayo Clinic, 2014). HIV is an infection transmitted sexually. Another mode of transmission for HIV is by exposure to infected blood, orRead MoreHiv And The United States Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to recent statistics from the Centers for Disease Control, approximately 1.2 million individuals in the United States have HIV (about 14 percent of which are unaware of their infection and another 1.1 million have progressed to AIDS. Over the past decade, the number of HIV cases in the US has increased, however, the annual number of cases remains stable at about 50, 000 new cases per year. Within these estimates, certain groups tend to carry the burden of these disease, particu larly theRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1529 Words   |  7 Pages Human Immunodeficiency Virus Typing Template for APA Papers: A Sample of Proper Formatting for the APA 6th Edition Sheela Jose Grand Canyon University: HIV Known as a Communicable Disease A communicable disease is known an illness that results from an infectious agent that occurs through transmission either indirectly or directly, from an infected individual. The human immunodeficiency virus is considered a communicable disease, and will be explored further in relation toRead Moreepidemiology HIV1204 Words   |  5 Pagesfollowing list: 1. Chickenpox 2. Tuberculosis 3. Influenza 4. Mononucleosis 5. Hepatitis B 6. HIV Epidemiology Paper Requirements Include the following in your assignment: 1. Description of the communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). 2. Describe the determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of this disease. 3. DiscussRead MoreHiv Epidemiology1228 Words   |  5 PagesHIV Epidemiology HIV Epidemiology For the epidemiology paper I chose to write about HIV. HIV is growing concern in the community and too many people are uneducated about the seriousness of this disease. HIV is terminal illness; it will eventually consume your life at some point. There are treatment options out there but being compliant with the medication regimen is crucial to the maintenance and management of this disease. HIV also known as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus; with HIV the virusRead MoreHiv / Aids : A Global Health System1606 Words   |  7 PagesHIV/AIDS: A global health system Rita K. Asiedu Rutgers University Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS is a pandemic problem affecting global health. At the end of 2015, 36.7 million people were living with HIV/AIDS globally. The rate of incidence is more prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa with almost 1 in every 24 adults living with HIV/AIDS. In the united states, HIV/AIDS is a diversified health problem affecting all sexes, ages and races and involving the transmission of multipleRead MoreEpidemiology Is A Medical Science Discipline That Arranges1687 Words   |  7 PagesEpidemiology is a medical science discipline that arranges the structure for studying the distribution and determinants of health, communicable disease, and circumstances related to health status. The epidemiology research help to understand in what means a person catch diseases, the changes, and how the disease affect the population. The nurses that work with these communities to help identify the onset of communicable diseases determine new victims, the patterns it spread, th e causes or preventive

Sylvia Plath is an American Writer who Writes Confessional...

Sylvia Plath is an American writer, commonly known for her poetry works. Her poetry can be categorized as â€Å"confessional poetry†, which are poems about the poet’s personal life. Her two most famous published collections of poems are The Colossus and Other Poemsand Ariel, but it was not until after Plath’s death that The Bell Jarwas published. The Bell Jar is considered a more personal and semi-autobiographical novel. Throughout Sylvia Plath’s lifetime, she suffered mentally since she was a little girl. Her father’s death when she was only eight years old estranged her from herself and others, including her own mother where she felt that she had to act as a happy and successful daughter. This is not the only time in her life where she had to put on a show. She also had to pretend to be supportive wife in front of her husband’s friends due to her mental illness. Because of her depression, Plath attempted suicide at the age of 20 and failed but ten years later, she eventually died of suicide. Sylvia Plath’s background and the way she lived her life influenced her to depict her inner struggles in life and to express her thoughts through her poetry. Sylvia Plath uses a lot of symbolism in her poetry as well as many other literary devices, especially in her poem â€Å"Ariel†. When Plath was younger, she had a horse named Ariel. Ariel in the poem is meant to symbolize Plath, the rebellious spirit that the female speaker of the poem aspires to be. It also symbolizes the transcendenceShow MoreRelatedSylvia Plath And Anne Sexton1782 Words   |  8 PagesConfessional poets in the 1950’s and 1960’s shaped confessional poetry into a type of writing that forever changed American literature. With controversial subjects at the time such as death, trauma, depression and how relationships impacted people, confessional poetry carved a gateway for private subjects and feelings to be expressed through auto biographical writing. The inspiration behind confessional poetry was the therapy it brought to the writer, being able to take personal experiences and thoughtsRead MoreSylvia Plaths Lady Lazarus1289 Words   |  6 PagesSylvia Plath, author of â€Å"Lady Lazarus†, is â€Å"widely considered one of the most emotionally evocative and compelling American poets of the postwar period† (â€Å"Plath, Sylvia: Introduction†). Plath was born in Boston, Massachusetts and her father died when she was eight. Plath attended Smith College and due to overwhelming conditions, she lapsed into a severe depression and overdosed on sleeping pills. After receiving psychiatric care, Plath enrolled in Newnham College where she met and married EnglishRead MoreSylvia Plath was American short-story writer, poet and novelist that was born on October 27, 1932900 Words   |  4 PagesSylvia Plath was American short-story writer, poet and novelist that was born on October 27, 1932 in Boston , Massachusetts and died on February 11, 1963. Sylvia Plath is best known for, her books of poems, â€Å"The Colossus and Other Poems Collection† and the â€Å"Ariel Collection† of Poems.Plath’s poetry was known for its rhyme, alliteration and disturbing and violent imagery. Plath’s poetry is considered part of the Confessional movement, which became very popular in the United States during the 1950sRead MoreThe Poetry Of Sylvia Plath1811 Words   |  8 PagesSylvia Plath is often described as a feminist poet who wrote about the difficulties women faced before womens right were a mainstream idea. From reading her poetry, it is quite obvious that Plaths feminism is extremely important to her, but she also wrote about a lot of day to day experiences and made them significant through her use of literary devices such as metaphors and symbols. Plath may also be best known for her autobiographical poetry written in a confessional style that appeared duringRead MoreEssay on The Dark Life and Confessional Poetry of Sylvia Plath2207 Words   |  9 Pagespoets, who brought with them a new type of perspective within their poetry. These poets—especially those who wrote confessional poetry—established their poetry in a single, unified voice that accentuated intimate human topics such as death, sexuality, and family. An important contributor to contemporary and confessional poetry was Sylvia Plath, who employed personal aspects of her life into her style of confessional poetry. Plath suffered from a deep depression that influenced her to often write in aRead MoreSylvia Plath s Poetry And Her Sanity1075 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath was an American Poet who was renowned for poetry mostly in the United States. She, however lived a difficult and depressing life which led to a few futile suicide attempts, but ultimately led to a successful suicide attempt leaving her children to live on without a mother. This end result was due t o a multitude of issues in her life from Sylvia’s sanity. She wasn’t the most stable child. Her marriage also played a role in her suicide. Her successes weren’t acclaimed until after her deathRead MoreOnce More About the Thin People by Sylvia Plath1039 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath is an American poet, novelist and short story writer who lived in London, United Kingdom. She is considered an important poet of her generation. Her work is very personal and towards the end of her life she often wrote about death. She usually used confessional genre to write her poetry. She is Best-known for her two published collections: The Colossus and Other Poetrys and Ariel. She also wrote a semi-autobiographical novel, The Bell Jar in 1963 published shortly before her death. TheRead MoreBiography of Sylvia Plath1452 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis Sylvia Plath, a great American author, focuses mostly on actual experiences. Plath’s poetry displays feelings and emotions. Plath had the ability to transform everyday happenings into poems or diary entries. Plath had a passion for poetry and her work was valued. She was inspired by novelists and her own skills. Her poetry was also very important to readers and critics. Sylvia Plath’s work shows change throughout her lifetime, relates to feelings and emotions, and focuses on dayRead More Sylvia Plath Essay2106 Words   |  9 Pages Sylvia Plath was a gifted writer, poet and verbal artist whose personal anguish and torment visibly manifested itself in her work. Much of her angst stems from her warped relationship with her father. Other factors that influenced her works were her strained views of human sexuality, her sado-masochistic tendencies, self-hatred and her traditional upbringing. She was labeled as a confessional poet and biographical and historical material is absolutely necessary to understand her work. SylivaRead MoreAnalysis Of The Opening Line Of The Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath2088 Words   |  9 PagesRosenbergs, and I didn t know what I was doing in New York (1; ch. 1), the opening line of The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath, effectively sets the tone for both the life of Plath and the remainder of the novel. Plath s depression and cynical outlook on life fueled the creation of many of her poems and novels, and particularly The Bell Jar in its autobiographical fictional genre. In this way, Sylvia Plath is able to more clearly display the disillusionment of the Modernist era in The Bell Jar as she showcases

Transportation and Distribution Management for Nestle Corporation

Question: Discuss about the Transportation and Distribution Management for Nestle Corporation. Answer: Introduction Transport and distribution are defined as the movement of goods (raw and finished), people and animals from one place to another using mode of transport such as rail, road, air, water, pipeline, cable, and space. Transportation and distribution involve the management of people, infrastructure, operations/ logistics and vehicles (Nestle Company, 2016). Logistics, as a superset of transportation, is defined as the art and science of obtaining raw materials, production and distribution of products and materials at the right time, using proper methods, and in proper qualities and quantities. With the industrial context, transport and distribution refer to delivery of materials and products to businesses, consumers, and government officers. Transporting and distribution entail coordination of trained workers, distribution management, and warehousing. This paper will examine how effective is transportation and distribution management is in fulfilling the company's goals: A case of Nestle C orporation (Nestle Company, 2016). Key Information on Nestle Corporation Nestle is a globally known Nutrition, Health, and Wellness company. Nestle Company established in 1866 in Switzerland has expanded into global markets such as the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The company's mission is as simple as, "Good Food, Good Life"; Nestle offers its consumers with nutritious choices, best tastes in a variety of beverage and food categories (Nestle Company, 2016). Some of the well-known brands by Nestle are chocolate, confectionery, coffee, beverages, frozen desserts, ice creams, meals, and Nestle Purina PetCare and Nestle Waters. In 2015, Nestl's annual profit was 9.066 billion which showed a decline from 14.456 was in 2014 (Nestle Company, 2016). In 2013, Nestle was voted among the top ten most recognized and admired corporations within the cultural category. The company has always strived to improve the lives of its customer by providing health and nutritious solutions during the entire period of their lives. Nestle helps customers by caring for them and their families. The company's goal is to support people in leading healthier lives. The company's core values have been formed on respect: Respect for the customers, for the future generation, for the environment and the culture and global diversity. However, Nestle faces fierce competition from Danone, Cadbury, Mondelez International, Inc., and Mars, Inc (Nestle Company, 2016). Incoterms Selection Considerations: Effectiveness of Transport Capability of Nestle On a daily basis, Nestle transports over 140,000 tons of products to the consumer markets from over 1600 warehouses globally (Nestle Company, 2016). The transport and distribution of the company's products are majorly done through a partnership with the third-party logistic service providers who travel approximately 270 times around the world on a daily basis (Nestle Company, 2016). The products are mainly transported from the factories to the distribution centres and lastly to end users (Ballou, 2013). Through the logistic service providers, Nestle can evaluate its environmental performance and improve its network's efficiency by reducing fuel consumption, mileage, and emissions of greenhouse gas, congestion, and noise. Nestl's Transport and Distribution Approach The company's transport and distribution approach are based on environmental sustainability. The approach focuses on: Optimization of the distributions routes and networks planning in all operations; Exploring opportunities for improving its transportation options by switching to other transport modes and identifying less harmful fuels; and Expanding the drivers' training to handle both environmental and safety issues efficiently (Ballou, 2013). Moreover, as one way of optimizing the company's performance, the transport and logistic manager focuses on the reduction of empty transportation journeys, increase vehicle utilization, and reviewing the strategic distribution network from time to time. For its fleet operations, optimizing the route planning is an ongoing process (McKinnon, 2015). The company is moving from the traditional mode of transports like road transport to short-sea freight or rail. Likewise switching fossil fuels to trucks using natural gasses with the focus on reducing the environmental effect resulting from transportation. In the warehouses, Nestle in concentrating on reducing its energy consumption as well as switching to alternative renewable energy. Lastly, the company is investing in new transportation and distribution technologies that offer innovativeness in efficiency and environmental improvements (Bookbinder, 2013). Through the collaboration with its customers and suppliers, the company has identified opportunities on how to co-operate and avoid empty trucks on transit after goods and products have been delivered (Emmett, 2012). For example, one truck has been assigned to collect raw materials from Craigavon and Dungannon in North Ireland and deliver them to the factory located in Wisbech in Cambridgeshire. The same vehicle collects finished products from the factory and takes them to the distribution centers in Warwickshire (Hams Hall). Conversely, before leaving the distribution centers, the vehicle is loaded with products to be delivered to homes and offices. The entire process is used to ensure that the journeys are efficient, and the capacity of the trucks have been maximized (Frazelle, 2012). Incoterms used by Nestle Corporation The Nestle Corporation uses the Free Onboard Vessel to transit its products to respective destinations. According to the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), FOB is defined as Free Onboard Vessel is sort of a hybrid, where the seller is obligated to bring the goods all the way to the port, clear the goods for export, AND see that they are loaded onto the ship nominated by the buyer. Once the goods clear the railing of the vessel the buyer assumes the risk. FOB is often followed by the named loading port thus: FOB Long Beach, meaning the seller delivers the goods, pays the port fees, and sees the goods loaded onto the ship docked (in this case) at the port of Long Beach. Nestle delivers its products to be cleared for transportation or export, the products are then loaded to the vessel chosen by the buyer. Once the products have been loaded to the means of transport, all the risks and costs are transferred to the buyer. Carrier Selection Consideration The selection of the carrier used in the transportation of Nestle products is based on three main factors namely: Reduction of greenhouse emissions Cost reduction; and Increasing efficiency The importance of these factors in selecting an appropriate carrier is as discussed below. Modal shifts The company is focused on establishing the most sustainable modes of transport that reduce gas emissions. Nestle is shifting from long distance transportation via roads into using sea and rails where possible. The modal shift helps in cutting costs, avoiding traffic congestions, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing efficiency ( Lowe Pidgeon, 2015). Through the project known as the EU Marco Polo project, Nestle looks forward to shifting over 360,000 tons of water, cereal products, and petcare from road to rail transportation by the year 2016. The modal shift is likely to withdraw approximately 5000 trucks per annum by taking advantage of the rail systems between France, Italy, U.S, Slovakia and Germany. If the strategy is effectively executed, the company will save up to 2.8 million over the next three years (Nestle Company, 2016), (Poirier, 2016). The latest transportation project to be launched is known as the Green Alpes which has enabled the distribution of Nestle raw materials and products between France and Italy via train. Through the partnership with the local train companies, the CPW Italy, NPPIT and Nestle Water France, approximately 2800 trucks would be off the road by the end of 201. The project would ensure that GHG emissions are reduced by 2.3 million per year while saving of 750,000 per annum (Keller, 2013). The Nestle Water relies on rail network for efficient transportation of its products over long distances. In 2014, 30% of the total Nestle transportation was through the rail system, which includes 43% transportation of water products in the United Kingdom, and 33% in Italy (Nestle Company, 2016). After the shifting into rail transport system from road transport, the efficiency of the distribution system has improved by 10% while the GHG emission has been reduced by 23% (Nestle Company, 2016). In Japan, Nestle has partnered with the logistics and shippers services providers to facilitate the shifting into the rail transport. The organization started to use rail transport system in its outbound logistic since 2010. The modal shifting was implemented on a full scale in 2011 (Richards Grinsted, 2013). Fleet Vehicles Currently, Nestle has around 2000 fleet of trucks that distribute and deliver pizza and ice creams to the customers. Several technological options are used in the freezer cabinets. The newer trucks have eutectic freezer plates which cool down overnight when the trucks are stationed at the distribution centers. Telematics like GPS systems has been rolled-out on the trucks to reduce the vehicles' idling time. Nestle has managed to reduce the trucks' idling time by 32% of the last two years. Leading to saving at least 250,000 gallons of fuel (Nestle Company, 2016). The company has also maintained the expansion of its environmental and safety efficiency programs for its drivers (Rushton Croucher, 2012). Use of alternative fuels As part of efforts of reducing the emission of GHG emissions, the company has continuously explored other viable means of obtaining and using environment- friendly fuels. For example: The Nestl's water segment in North America is currently using 28 trucks which are powered using gas. There is an ongoing plan to increase the number of propane-propelled trucks to at least 200 by the end of 2016 (Bing, 2011). In Italy, Nestle Waters have agreed with its carriers to invest in 15 trucks that use liquefied natural gas in transporting the products by the company; and The same segment in Thailand has invested in a project to increase the number of trucks that use natural gas from 4 to 50 by the end of 2016 (Richards, 2014). Carrier Relationship Management Optimizing utilization of vehicle capacity Empty delivery vehicles or those carrying limited loads are costly and inefficient. The company always make an effort to utilize the vehicles' capacity. Although the maximum load carried by a container or truck at any given time is limited by maximum volume or weight, even a single percent of load maximization help in reducing the transportation and distribution cost by approximately US $5 million and 29,000 tons of Carbon dioxide emission per annum (Nestle Company, 2016), (McKinnon, 2015). The approach on "no vehicle leaves empty is one way of reducing environmental pollution from the transportation process. The transportation and distribution management have continually optimized route and loads planning as well as combining both the inbound and outbound trucks in maximizing backhauling. The company also works with its partners such as retailers, manufacturers, and suppliers to share transportation facilities where necessary (Emmett, 2013). A pilot test conducted in 2014 showed that the company had several opportunities of improving the utilization of the available transportation capacity. Nestle is rolling out a standardized monitoring system that would help in tracking how effective are the vehicles being utilized by the end of the year 2016 (Poirier, 2016). Cutting cost and environmental pollution by eliminating empty trucks Nestle cooperate with its customers and suppliers on the effective utilization of the delivery vehicles. The approach helps in ensuring that the trucks do not travel empty after delivering the products (Emmett, 2012). The effective installation of transport control centres offers the visibility of identifying the transportation circuits to avoid traveling of empty trucks after products have been utilized. The circuits have been installed globally to maximize truck and container utilization (Ballou, 2013). Distribution networks In 2015, Nestle redesigned 10 of its distribution channels globally as a way of improving transport and distribution efficiency. For example, in the Middle East the company has combined export/ import warehouses, the distribution centres and the packaging and raw materials into one (Nestle Company, 2016). The approach is to ensure that the empty trips have been reduced, and transportation has been synergized. The redesigning on transportation networks is likely to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide by 2000 tons annually. In Italy, the company merged two of its distribution centers into one to significantly reduce its distribution costs and avoid unnecessary routines. The initiative is aimed at reducing carbon emission by approximately 1400 tons per year (Nestle Company, 2016). Conversely, in China, the distance covered during the distribution of Nestle water has been reduced by 32% (i.e. 303 km down from 447 km) between 2010 and 2014. Nestle aims at further reducing the distance to 250 km in the next four years (Keller, 2013). Optimization of route planning The biggest fleet owned by Nestle is located in the United States. The company transports and distributes water and frozen products directly to homes, offices and stores. The direct store delivery services for ice cream and pizza in the U.S. has been revised for the purpose of optimization. The approach is focused on identifying new routing and distributing concepts, saving the fuel consumed by 3.7 million litres per annum and optimization of the delivery distance (Christopher, 2011). Conclusion As stated in the paper, transport and distribution refer to delivery of materials and products to businesses, consumers, and government officers. Transporting and distribution entail coordination of trained workers, distribution management, and warehousing. It is a system that involves several stakeholders such as planners, transport managers, trained employees, and carriers among others. The transportation and distribution system used by the Nestle Corporation as proved to be as efficient and effective as possible (Nestle Company, About Us, 2016). Nestle has invested in several projects and programs in the attempt to improve the standards of its transport system by reducing the operating costs, reduction of carbon dioxide emission and increase efficiency (Nestle Company, Transport and distribution, 2016). To improve the effectiveness of its transportation and distribution systems, Nestle has taken the following initiatives; first, optimized the utilization of vehicle capacity, other, cut on its cost and environmental pollution by eliminating empty trucks, Third, improved on its distribution networks, and Last, it has optimized on its route planning. References Lowe, D., Pidgeon, C. (2015). Lowe's Transport Manager's and Operator's Handbook. New Delhi: Kogan Page. Ballou, R. H. (2013). Basic Business Logistics: Transportation, Materials Management, Physical Distribution. New York: Prentice Hall College. Bing, J. C. (2011). Transportation and Distribution Management Theory and Practice . China: China Logistic Publishing House. Bookbinder, J. H. (2013). Handbook of Global Logistics: Transportation in International Supply Chains. New York: Springer-Verlag . Christopher, P. M. (2011). Logistics and Supply Chain Management . New Jersey: Financial Times/ Prentice Hall. Emmett, S. (2012). Excellence in Warehouse Management: How to Minimize Costs and Maximise Value. New York: John Wiley Sons. Frazelle, E. H. (2012). World-Class Warehousing and Material Handling (Logistics Management Library). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Keller, S. B. (2013). The Definitive Guide to Warehousing: Managing the Storage and Handling of Materials and Products in the Supply Chain. London: Pearson Education. Mangan, J., Lalwani , C. (2011). Global Logistics and Supply. New York: John Wiley Sons. McKinnon, P. A. (2015). Green Logistics: Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Logistics. London, UK: Kogan Page. Nestle Company. (2016). About Us. Retrieved from Nestle UK Ireland: https://www.nestle.co.uk/aboutus Nestle Company. (2016). Transport and distribution. Chicago. Retrieved from https://www.nestle.com/csv/environmental-sustainability/product-life-cycle/transport Poirier, C. C. (2016). sing Models to Improve the Supply Chain. Chicago: CRC Press. Richards, G. (2014). Warehouse Management: A Complete Guide to Improving Efficiency and Minimizing Costs in the Modern Warehouse. New Delhi, India: Kogan Page. Richards, G., Grinsted, S. (2013). The Logistics and Supply Chain Toolkit: Over 90 Tools for Transport, Warehousing and Inventory Management. London, UK: Kogan Page. Rushton, A., Croucher, P. (2012). The Handbook of Logistics and Distribution Management. London, United Kingdom: Kogan Page.

Master Patient Index Essay Example

Master Patient Index Paper Master Patient Indexi Master Patient Index Master Patient Index1 Master Patient Index (MPI) and the Primary Key are important parts of a health care organizations database. They help in the retrieval and organization of data in an organizations data base. The Master Patient Index (MPI) is an electronic medical database that holds information on every patient registered at a health care organization (TechTarget, 2011). The information that is contained in the patient record is things such as age, race, social security number and the patients’ health history. The Primary Key is a Key in a database that is unique for each record and identifies patients. This Key can be a driver’s license, a social security number, or a telephone number. The database can only have one type of Key for each record, otherwise it would be too confusing to search for patient records. An organizations IT system can use the MPI and the Primary Key in the integration of information from different systems into one system. The organization will have to come up with the idea of what that Key will be and use it in all of its data bases. The IT system can use these two components for organizing information, finding that patient quickly in the records system, and any previous visits that they may have. A Health Information Management System (HIMS) analyst can also use this information in the clinical, financial, and marketing aspects of the health care organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Master Patient Index specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Master Patient Index specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Master Patient Index specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They can use the clinical information in any follow-up of their visit, any diagnosis that is given, any lab work that can or will be done, and any medications that are prescribed. The financial information can be constructed from the same information, and billed accordingly, by lab work, visit level, and any clinical supplies that were used. Lastly, the marketing information is also taken from this database as well. The demographics that are in this information can help in the marketing of Master Patient Index2 information to certain age groups, or gender. For example, if there are more retired people than younger people, there would be a shift in drugs or supplies that would normally be used by older persons than younger persons. As stated earlier, the MPI and the Primary Key are very important in setting up an organizations database and the use of that database. The Primary Key can help in finding a patient’s record in the MPI. Bibliography TechTarget. (2011, February). What is Master Patient Index. Retrieved December 4, 2011, from SearchHealthIT: http://searchhealthit. techtarget. com/definition/master-patient-index-MPI

Characters in Twilight in Delhi Essays

Characters in Twilight in Delhi Essays Characters in Twilight in Delhi Paper Characters in Twilight in Delhi Paper ‘Twilight in Delhi’ is by far there most popular of all Ahmad Ali’s works and is also considered to be his English novel. What renders the novel so high status among his literary works, and even perhaps one of the best in Asia, is not only the depiction of the culture of Delhi and the life over there but also the exhilarating command of the novelist in presenting the living characters on the pages. No doubt the characters we meet are full of flesh and blood, having qualities of head and heart; likings and disliking; Excellencies and deficiencies, thus we never doubt on their very existence. His characters come before our eyes as human beings facing conflicts, both within and without, and therefore leave an everlasting impression on our minds. In short, his approach as a novelist is purely that of a traditionalist, regardless of modern approach, and fully involved in the society that he is depicting. Most of the characters in the novel are descriptive as the author doesn’t let them speak about themselves; rather he himself describes the physical traits, habits and even the background of the characters, and fully involves the readers in the description so that he can get to a particular conclusion about those characters. He has introduced so very simple but some very intricate characters that the reader is lost at analyzing them in depth. They may not look mere type characters as we generally find in literature, but with their typical Muslim back ground and culture, they are close to type character, though some of them are perfectly individualized. Even the type characters don’t look alien in their habits or disposition. In the novel, we don’t even find the minor characters described in a single vein, rather they come before us as natural as they can in any society. When we observe the characters minutely, we see that some of them undergo a great emotional and mental change and face many ups and downs during the course of th

Discuss the definition and the sources of Christian theology, and how Essay

Discuss the definition and the sources of Christian theology, and how is systematic theology related to biblical theology and Christian ethics - Essay Example Theology is the fruit of the reflection of the truth revealed in the Word of God.† (Louis Berkhof, 1996) Theologians have found several sources from which they develop the ideas of God. The firs source is Reason, it is defined narrowly as the logical deduction from stated premises, or broadly to include ones feelings, intuition, and experience. This point out that one can find his way to God through his own thought, reasoning, contemplation etc. the best example of such a source is though St. Anselm, who developed the ontological argument for the existence of God. Church authority can also be a source of Christian theology, to give a an example the roman Catholic Church gives teaches that God reveals his truth to the church in some collective way, the church also claims that god can manifest himself directly through the leaders of the church. The third source can be through General Revelation, it is said by many that God’s person and character is revealed in nature. When man contemplates about nature it is with no doubt that he is having a true knowledge of God. Evidentialist ap ologists of England can epitomize this source. The fourth source through which source of theology can manifest itself is by Special revelation, the Bible claims to be a direct revelation to man from God. The belief of Christianity is that the Bible should help them to acquire and organize the teachings found there. The other source of Christian theology can be from the postmodern theology’s sources of theology. Therefore the sources of theology to summarize are through God himself. God should be the only source of knowledge in regard to his own being and relations. This makes theology to be a summary and explanations of the content of God’s revelations. These are; the revelation of God in nature, supremely and the revelation of God in the scriptures. Earlier we have defined theology as â€Å"the study of god† the term Systematic is taken from the Greek word

Economies of Asia Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economies of Asia - Assignment Example However, it is clear that the policies were not well thought since by 1959 the communes could not succeed in meeting the demands of the policies (Riskin 117-133).The commune leaders on the other hand could not push its subjects towards achieving the set goals, and some would even be charged for the same. It is evident that the factors of production were not factored in by Mao since the machines produced were not of good quality. Riskin explains how the farm machinery produced were completely destroyed while being used in the farms (117-133). This means that the food produced could not be harvested even with China presenting a perfect environment for agricultural practices. The policies can, therefore, be said to have put more focus on quantity as opposed to quality productions. Riskin explains how the policies could not deal with drought issues on some parts of the country and floods on the other (117-133). Even with high produce from the farms, Riskin explains how starvation occurred in different places in the country, to the extent that the government had to measure food for its citizens (42, 77, 136). In the industrial sector the same issue of not focusing on factors of production was imminent. As seen in the work of Riskin, the backyard furnaces were seen to consume huge amounts of coal (125-126). Since China’s railway system was heavy reliant on coal at the time, the coal driven train suffered a great deal since they did not have enough energy that would be useful for transport form place to place (Riskin 127, 195). Also, it is key to know that the in as much the production of steel was high prior to 1958, the products were of very low quality (Riskin 125-126). A good example is that of the home made utensils such as pots and pans that were made of the lowest quality steel and could not even be recognizable (Riskin 273, 279). It is true that the steel was produced but was