The Mayans of Mesoamerica Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Mayans of MesoamericaThe ancient Mayans were a very well developed connection with a very accurate calendar, skilled architects, artisans, extensive traders and hunters. They are known to provoke developed medicine and astronomy as well. All of this was developed charm the Europeans were still in the Dark Ages. Their empire covered an area of roughly 400,000 to 500,000 square kilometers. This area included the present day countries of Belize, Guatemala, western Honduras and El Salvador, and in like manner southern portions of Mexico. These lands have a very diverse terrain, from the mountainous highlands to the tropical lowlands. The wide range of geographical features meant that the Mayans food sources varied depending on their location. The Mayan hunters pursued queen-size game like jaguars, wild boars, and snow leopards as well as small game like hares, rabbits, and squirrels. The three animals that seem to be the most preponderant in Mayan writings are the deer, iguana , and the quetzal bird. This has led archeologists to believe that these animals must have been more than just a food source. It is believed that the quetzal bird was not killed but only captured. While it was captured, they would pluck the feathers from it because they were considered very valuable. The Maya viewed hunting as more than just a food source, similar to the other native peoples we have studied. They had certain rituals t...

Insensitive Portrayal of Society and Cultuer in Disney Films Essay

The Not So Wonderful World of DisneyThe Wonderful World of Disney has been a part of the States for as long as I canremember. With its movies, television shows, songs, theme parks, toys, and fictional characters,Disney is the epitome of childrens entertainment. Disney serves as one of the largest sources ofentertainment to the Statesns, which is why it reigns as a commercial success and influence in ourcountry. According to Henry Giroux, a popular critic of the Walt Disney Company, Disneysimmense success also represents the post of the culture industries to mediate and influencealmost every aspect of our lives (19). However, does Disney stand for pure and innocententertainment, or does it carry alternative motives that seem to be well-hidden from the macrocosmeye? Many critics argue that Disney productions have the ability to affect American children andfamilies through their insensitive portrayal of certain aspects of society and culture.Critics mark the idea of negative social i nfluences as one of Disneys most ubiquitousproblems. In a study done on the role of the Walt Disney Company, Vincent Faherty explainsthat Disney displays certain aspects of social exposure which need to be raised to a level ofpublic consciousness, given they do affect so many children and families (17). For example,Disney emphasizes social vulnerability through the sweep over male dominance displayed intheir animated films. Faherty argues that even though there have been recent movies such asMulan and Pocahontas, which portray strong female roles, the quantitative disproportion ofmale characters in Disney animated films needs to be addressed if we expect children to be ableto relate to appropriate role mo... ...Lives Disneys Cultivation, Co-Creation, and Control ofAmericas Cultural Objects. Popular Communication. 12 Oct. 2004 191-211.Byrne, Eleanor, and Martin McQuillan. Deconstructing Disney. London Pluto Press, 1999.Faherty, Vincent E. Is the Mouse Sensitive? A shoot of Race, Gender, and Social Vulnerabilityin Disney Animated Films. Similie Studies in Media Information Literacy Education(2001) Academic Search Premier MLA International Bibliography. EBSCOhost. U. OfGeorgia Lib. GALILEO. 29 Oct. 2006 Giroux, Henry. The Mouse That Roared Disney and the End of Innocence. Lanham Rowman &Littlefield Publishers, 1999. 17-55.Pettit, Robert. Mickey Mouse Monopoly Disney, Childhood, and Corporate Power StudyGuide. 28 Oct. 2006.tudyguide/html4

Legend Of Love :: essays research papers

Approximately 500 versions of the Cinderella story are in circulation, making it one of the most famous tales in the world. The plot in this timeless classic has been used as a model for writers for countless generations. Whether in print or on film, Cinderella is an inspirational story. It allows juvenility girls to fantasize being swept off their feet by a sweet, handsome prince, marry and "live happily ever after." For over hundreds of years the story has been minute and reworked, whether as the French "Cendrillon" or as the Brothers Grimms "Cinderella." Though each tale is revised in different ways, the plot remains a common intellect between them. The most recent version is, Ever After A Cinderella Story, a film by Andy Tennant. This version has a realistic element, which is told to "set the unload straight." Like many great love stories before, Ever After A Cinderella Story, has plenty of conflict between good and evil, right and wrong, and the charming versus the wicked. These conflicts are visualised through the correlation between each character, and the relationship between the protagonists and the antagonists.The Protagonists Grand DameGrand Dame is the narrator who is setting the record straight. She is also the Great-Great-Granddaughter of Danielle/Cinderella. maculation the Brothers Grimm has their version of the Cinderella story, the Grand Dame knows the truth. She summons the Brothers Grimm and explains her familys history as she knows it. As the narrator, her character is a mediator, stepping in when the conflict is elevated.Danielle When she was eight, Danielles father unexpectedly died. Left with her current stepmother, Rodmilla, Danielle is forced to be a servant to the household. Her strongest link to her father is the book, Utopia that he gave her the night before he died. An intriguing mix of tomboyish athleticism and fleshly beauty, she has enough charm to capture the heart of a prince. This spiri ted "Cinderella" is certainly no victim against all odds, she stands up against a forceful and scheming stepmother. sequence Danielle does own a gorgeous pair of glass slippers, the words "magic pumpkin" are not in her vocabulary. Prince HenryPrince Henry has a secret. He doesnt want to be King of France. The prince finds peace in running away from the castle to escape from his obligations, including an arranged marriage to the princess of Spain. Prince Henry doesnt recognize his potential until Danielle enters the count on and shows

My Experiences in a Nursing Career Essay -- Personal Essays Career

NursingNursing is an art and if it is to be made an art, It requires an exclusive devotion as hard a preparation, as any painters or sculptors work for what is the having to do with dead canvas or dead marble, compared with having to do with the existent body, the temple of Gods spirit? It is one of the Fine Arts I had almost said, the finest of Fine Arts. Spoken by a true nurse, Florence nightingale a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. I suffer many goals in living such as to have a good strong career and family. What is important to me is graduating Central high school and go on to UND. While at UND I plan to perk up my nursing degree and specialize in pediatrics and truama. I have already started to make short term goals that will lead me in to the life of nursing. I have volunteered at Altru hospital since I was in the eight grade. I have been on most of the floors from surgery to pediatrics, terminally ill to periodic check ups. This has infl uenced me greatly, encouraging me to go in to nursing and also to go in to a more specialized area. Volunteering helped me search my future my career until I was old enough to get my CNA and go in to the health careers class. A CNA is a certified nursing assistant. When I turned sixteen i utilize for the CNA class. Three months later I became a CNA. As a junior I also took a health careers class. This class gave me a more indepth date at the choices that I could make a...

G.K. Chestertons The Donkey :: Chesterton Donkey Essays

G.K. Chestertons The Donkey As discussed in earlier papers, poets use devices to help enhance their images to the lecturer. One device not yet discussed is a symbol. canful Drury, a poet, explains a symbol as, an image that radiates meanings (Gioia 276). Whatever the image is that each poet chooses to use creates a different and separate from another poets use of that same image. Also, it is practical for a reader to see a symbol in a devise or object that the author had never intended. In G.K. Chestertons, The Donkey, the domestic ass is a symbol for the some of todays society view concourse of mixed races and how people with multiple backgrounds will have their finest hour (Line 13).In The Donkey, Chesterton describes how the donkey is looked upon by people and when the donkey had been chosen by the greatest Creator of all. The first stanza begins with the donkeys birth, When fishes flew and forests walked/.Some moment when the moon was blood/ Then surely I was born (Lines 1-4 ). These lines are substitute of the fact that the world must have been turned upside down in order for the donkey to be born. In the fourth line the reader knows the donkey is negative about himself because I is the animal describing himself. The donkey goes on to say that he is, The devils walking parody (Line 7). Seeing himself as a wolf of the devil instead of a wonderful animal created by God, is showing how distorted his self image is. He spirits he is, The tattered outlaw of the farming (Line 9), which furthermore expresses the hatred he feels from the world. Tattered means, a torn piece and the word outlaw means, exile criminal, make or declare illegal. All the word choices combine emphasizes how Chesterton wanted the reader to fully understand that the donkey was an unpleasant creature. Though in the last stanza, the donkey has his laugh, Fools For I also had my hour (Line 13). Although, the donkey is a mixed breed, he was loved and chosen by the one person who has the greatest power- Jesus.Flipping through daytime television, there are several shows which focus on interracial marriages and mixed children. Every culture has their own separate opinion about what they believe to be morally right. As with the donkey, some feel that biracial people are less than a person than those with only one ethnic background.

G.K. Chestertons The Donkey :: Chesterton Donkey Essays

G.K. Chestertons The Donkey As discussed in earlier papers, poets use devices to help enhance their paradigms to the reader. unity device not yet discussed is a symbol. John Drury, a poet, explains a symbol as, an image that radiates meanings (Gioia 276). Whatever the image is that each poet chooses to use creates a diverse and separate from another poets use of that same image. Also, it is possible for a reader to see a symbol in a word or target that the author had never intended. In G.K. Chestertons, The Donkey, the donkey is a symbol for the some of todays society view people of mixed races and how people with multiple backgrounds will possess their finest hour (Line 13).In The Donkey, Chesterton describes how the donkey is looked upon by people and when the donkey had been chosen by the greatest Creator of all. The first stanza begins with the donkeys birth, When fishes flew and forests walked/.Some moment when the moon was blood/ thusly surely I was born (Lines 1-4). Thes e lines are representative of the fact that the world must have been turned upside down in order for the donkey to be born. In the fourth line the reader knows the donkey is negative about himself because I is the animal describing himself. The donkey goes on to say that he is, The devils walk parody (Line 7). Seeing himself as a creature of the devil instead of a wonderful animal created by God, is showing how distorted his self image is. He feels he is, The tattered outlaw of the earth (Line 9), which furthermore expresses the hatred he feels from the world. Tattered means, a torn piece and the word outlaw means, dismiss criminal, make or declare illegal. All the word choices combine emphasizes how Chesterton wanted the reader to fully understand that the donkey was an unpleasant creature. Though in the become stanza, the donkey has his laugh, Fools For I also had my hour (Line 13). Although, the donkey is a mixed breed, he was loved and chosen by the one person who has the gre atest power- Jesus.Flipping through and through daytime television, there are several shows which focus on interracial marriages and mixed children. Every culture has their own separate opinion about what they weigh to be morally right. As with the donkey, some feel that biracial people are less than a person than those with only one ethnic background.

Partnership with Parents Essay

Parents are experts on their own child and are their childs first and briny educators. To meet the needs of children in our care effectively, childcare centers have to build strong relationships with elevates and make sure that the sharing of tuition is a two-way, on dismission process. Aim for practitioners should be to achieve an open, supportive relationship with parents, who will be made to feel acceptable, involved and fully informed about what happens in the childcare center.The preschool experience is often a young childs first significant experience away from home. The first separation from home frequently places breed on the family until the transition is made. I have vivid memories of the first day I dropped off my watchword at preschool. I must have had a thousand questions and a million concerns Would he behave? Would he cry? Would the teachers be able to keep up with him? The questions and concerns went on and on until I and my son finally felt comfortable with th e preschool staff and environment.Positive parent-teacher partnerships assist young children with the transition from home and promote healthy growth and development. even up though actively reaching out to parents requires eon, patience, and energy, teachers benefit by understanding childrens home environments. If the partnership between parents, staff and child is going well, each need to be able to trust and respect the other. The self-esteem and well-being of the people in the partnership are important when they are working together.Very important is a good start. Childcare staff should to help parents and children to feel welcome when they first arrive at the setting for e. g. parents and visitors are given a friendly welcome by staff an attractive display in the entrance area present some of the recent activities that children have been involved in information showing the names of staff, with their photographs. Important is positive image and messages about diversity- for e . g. different rows, ethnicities and genders.The key to success in the partnership is good communication. Practitioners can sharing information with parent for one-way or two way communication. One-way communication occurs when teachers seek to inform parents about events, activities, or children progress through a variety of sources, such(prenominal) as an introductory letter at the beginning of the preschool year, newsletters, report cards, communication books, childcare center Web sites, and so on. Two-way communication involves interactive duologue between preschools teachers and parents.Conversations may occur during telephone calls, home visits, parent-teacher conferences, open houses, and various preschool-based community activities. Teachers should actively incorporate both strategies to maximize sharing information with parents. Parents and teachers share in the responsibility of a childs education. The two should work cooperatively to foster a positive educational exper ience for a child. Often times, however conflicts do arise. Conflicts between teachers and parents can arise in a number of ways.A parents sometimes have a hard time dealing with the fact that someone else is parenting their child. Another common parental gripe is that the teacher is not giving the child enough attention or other than treating her inappropriately. Additional problem may be language barrier. An increasing number of parents do not speak English as a first language so they are unable to understand communications from the preschool. This can be a real issue and preschool teacher should assess whether hi or she is in a position to address this.When it comes to things like parents meeting teacher can invite some of parents family or friends who know English and can translate Even those parents who are fluent in English can have trouble understanding some communications from the preschool. Preschool teachers may be forever think guardedly when communicating with parents and ensure that they dont use the jargon they might use with they colleagues. The key to a good relationship between teachers and parents is open communication. Parents should always talk directly with the teacher about the problem. Good communication prevents conflict from arising and makes resolutions a lot easier.

Boo Radley and Scout

Name Alliah Turner Date 12-16-12 Period 3 The family Between Arthur (Boo) Radley and Jean Louise (Sc break through) Finch In To Kill a Mockingbird, written by Harper Lee, Scout is an educated six year old child who is in truth mature for her age. Despite her capability to understand things that most six year can not, she is a bit curious. That curiosity can be viewed as rude(a) and or childish. She is curious about Boo Radley, as to why he never make senses out of his house. Scout and her brother, Jem, try to come up with ways to getBoo to come out of his house. This type of behavior can be as rude to others provided to them they believe that they are doing a kindness by bringing him away and enjoying the beauty of the world. Throughout the book their relationship progresses and the children learn that you do not know a person until you see them for the first time. Arthur (Boo) Radley was locked in his house for 15 years and has never been seen by outsiders. Rumors say that he w ander the streets of Maycomb in the middle of the night and eats squirrels and possums.One time Boo Radley was cutting newspapers and when his father qualifying by he stabbed him in the legs, and resumed in cutting his newspaper like nothing happened. The Radley place is viewed like a haunted house in the story, but it is all not true, Atticus teaches his children to not judge anyone unless you walk into their shoes. (Lee 279) The children believe all of the rumors they have heard about Boo Radley. They even embark on to make some of their own inferences about him based on what they have heard. These feelings about BooRadley start to change when the children begin to find presents in a knothole out side of the Radley place. They figured that they were from Boo Radley. It was a way for him to show them that he wants to be their friend. The children do not realize this until later and then want to thank him by inviting him out for ice cream. They were caught by Atticus and he told h im to stop pestering Mr. Radley. On Halloween night, as Jem and Scout were walking home from the school play, they matte as if they were being followed.Scout thought that it might be Cecil Jacobs since he tried to scare her earlier. As it turns out, it was Bob Ewell. Still angered by Atticuss attempts at fashioning him look like a fool, he tried to murder Scout and Jem. Jem has fallen unconsciencely and has broken his arm, leaving Scout to defend for herself. When scout thought that she was sledding to die, something mysterious had happened. She had realized that she had a savior, but she was not sure on who it was. The next thing she saw was a man carrying Jem home and Bob Ewell idle with a knife in his ribs.When she returned home, Jem was in the bed resting when Atticus told scout that there is someone that she needs to meet. It was Boo Radley, the man she feared the most had saved her life. At that moment Scout is no longer afraid, and treats Boo as an equal. She knows he sav ed her life and Jems life, and looks upon him with respect. The power of this moment brings Scout to tears, but, as always, she handles herself with maturity beyond her age. When Atticus found out that Bob Ewell was dead he said Theres a black boy dead or no reason, and the man answerable for its dead. Let the dead bury the dead this time. . (Lee 278) In a sense, one could look at Arthur Boo Radley as the symbol of this novel, the jeerer. He never really harmed anyone, he just stays inside leaving the people of Maycomb at peace. Scout says that Mr. Arthur is like a mockingbird because telling everyone that he is the mockingbird is like killing him from the inside. It would give him publicity and a person like boo, that is shy, would feel scared from all of it. So it would be like killing a mockingbird.

Conducting a Strategic Management Project Essay

IntroductionShell is one of the worlds leading power group and petrochemicals companies. It has around102000 employees in more than 100 countries. The objectives of the Shell Group ar to engage efficiently, responsibly and profitably in oil, oil products, gas, chemicals and other selected businesses and to participate in the search for and development of other sources of strength to meet evolving customer need and the worlds growing demand for energy.Mission StatementShells innovative approach ensures that they ar ready to tackle the challenges of new energy futures.1.1 Topic of investigation having a strategic implication.This report explains the group buildings and police squads work in Shell and development of its look work progress within the organization. It besides presents suitable summary of the throw away counseling and planning, advisory and confinement implementation of work. In this report, positive results of theories and its test showed that effective pol ice squad upwork can lead to a achievement and achieving critical goals of Shell. It may in any case be able to gain the sustainability of warringness. More everywhere, study explains that how team per underframeance can be improved through leadership with discover planning to gift the upcoming challenges in modern era of business environment Shell operates in.1.2 The aim, scope and objectives of the project. How can we improve Shells query study nearly lubes oil? What strategy we should adapt for improving Shells query? How and effective team force can be do for this purpose? The aim of the project is to achieve much(prenominal) team management, technology and resources that meet the new emerging energy challenges. Shell need to adapt such management strategies which pass on make a strong workforce with experienced and skilful team members. Shell wants to be recognised as a bully companion-competitive successfully and a force for progress. Shell has a fundamental be lief that they can make a difference in the world because of its worthy in the global market. A strong consumer proposition has been developed for the brand and embodied in the line World Quality which communicates Shell value- found offering in a precise manner, to its core target audience. The purpose of the advertising in the first instance is to support this strong value proposition and secondly to burn the media solution to the store.1.3 Justifying the scope, aim and objective.In meeting the energy challenges, the world faces three hard truths. The first is that there has been a step-change in global energy demand, with speedily developing countries like China and India entering the energy-intensive phase of growth. Even with huge improvements in energy efficiency and substantial growth in renewables, fossil fuels will still be the main element of the energy mix by mid-century. The second hard truth is that easy-to-access oil and gas is in decline. As a result, energy will c ome increasingly from unconventional sources, such as oil sands. The third hard truth is that the increased burning of fossil fuels specially coal for power generation could mean unacceptably high emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming and climate change.Meeting the energy challengeShell is helping to meet the energy challenge with a broad range of approaches. It uses surfaced technologies that can unlock oil and gas in more remote or hostile environments, and new techniques to extend the lives of existing fields. We are increasing production from unconventional sources, including oil sands. Shell helps make the virtually of cleaner-burning natural gas through our output of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and gas to liquids (GTL) products. We are helping to develop second-generation bio fuels that do not compete with regimen crops and we are developers of wind and solar power.1.4 Evaluation of project research methodology.Metho dolgy research Study should be verified by seniors because all research is based on practical data and that data may vary by location of the research and by person. Need to Understand the Hypothesis before research and development. Which section are more feasible and which person is more interested and suitable for that research. Research should be complete on prison term. Research conduct at akin time on different locations2.1 Identify sources of data and culture that will support the aim of the project. For a company like Shell having the right information about the environment, customs, laws and customer needs is of key importance. To gather this information the company will firstly see the law of the country in which it is going to lift off business, as we are talking about their business in UK the law allows this business. Here in UK there is a high demand it is a rich people environment for the company to run their business. Data about this can be obtained by doing survey s and examining the current market i.e. by observing the similar businesses running in the country.Scanning the EnvironmentIn this research study, an appropriate approach of environmental scanning is considered in the industrial organisations that are operating in the chemical industry. polar types of information were used in this study. It included general information about the industry and specific about the participating companies. The type of data that was included was prescribed data that concerns the companys character. Data that is publicly available, like in annual reports. Interviews of managers that provided the history and culture of the companies. This information was very important to analyse and research the topic and to see how other companies are operating in the industry. Strauss (1987) emphasizes the usefulness of the case study approach when used with grounded system. Grounded theory seeks to generate theoretical financial statements and, ultimately, hetero geneous theories based on empirical evidence, although it can be used in different ways and reach various degrees of complexity. The research design framework adopt in this study can be describe as a multiple case study, composed according to the theory building structure, as described by Yin (1989), i.e., where the sequence of chapters follow a theory-building logic, and using the grounded theory method of qualitative data analysis.2.2 Synthesise the data and information for selections or alternatives that support the project aims. An effective information infrastructure was implemented to assess the information required in this research, which included technological information, processes and information acquired by people. A rich hookup of scientific and technical information was gathered, which was managed by professionals having different backgrounds. However, some companies just provided a consistent picture which was a small collection made up of journals, literature and r eports mainly. The information being pervasive is one of the main reasons in having difficulty in accounting for the costs involved in the research as it depends on specific roles and their performance. The data that was collected showed that in medium or large chemical companies data and information was being handled by 50% mental faculty piece in smaller companies about 9% staff was involved. The scope of the companies was assessed by their links with Research and instruction organisations and hoe they collaborate with the regulatory agencies. strategical changeLarger companies like Shell influence the planning adoption but some other factors likewise interfere with the tendency, for example in what form the organisation is and what is the management style of the organisation. No evidence was found that suggests that the subsector companies should adopt the planning technique as a planning tool. While, the planning offices are also rare and their main duty is to collect the di fficult data which is needed by the top management for decision making. The strategic change analysed mainly talked about increasing the tonicity of the product, which includes mainly improving the conditions of production.Environmental protection was also an issue in some cases there were highly pollutant industries. Globalisation and diversification were also some important strategic changes. Companies that targeted globalization pursued growth in the industry but some companies just secured their positions in the internal market imputable to the threat of major competitors operating in the main market. Companies which had a little scope of growth adopted specialization. The main target was to improve the product quality. several(prenominal) companies claimed that they always pursue improving the production quality while other companies admitted that they allow to improve the quality of the product to satisfy the EC regulations.2.3 Determine an option or alternative that suppor ts the project aims. Other way of supporting the project aim is to use theoretical information and implement it directly on the company. instruction is like team management theories. Inductive and deductive research can be used to gather information and to move towards the aim.deductive researchDeductive reasoning works from the more general to the more specific. Sometimes this is informally called a top down approach. Conclusion follows logically from premisesInductive researchInductive reasoning works the other way moving from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories. Informally, we sometimes call this a bottom up approach. Conclusion is likely based on premises..It involves a degree of uncertainty. Inductive type based on induction. Data is collected on a subject and researcher tries to develop theory from this data.3.1 Evaluate the research analysis to enable conclusions to be made.Team ManagementIt is difficult to build a team and maintain good working(a) relationships. However, team members go through a number of development stages to work together effectively in team performance management. Individuals performing well are rewarded while those who are not performing good are motivated. The functions and roles of its members should be recognised by its team. The leader should establish continuous communication lines and set clear goals that are understood. A team that performs well accomplishes projects quickly and with less difficulty, misunderstanding, and divergence. Strategic ObjectivesStrategic goals or objectives are broad, high level aims, derived from organisations mission statement and purpose, affecting the whole organization (sometimes referred to as corporate aims). These will be Long term (time horizon of several years), although they should be monitored regularly (typically annually) and may be revised periodically. Responsive to external factors such as new competition, changes in global economic conditions, or cust omer demands. The term strategic denotes a bad-tempered focus of the managers planning and decision making responsibilities. Senior mangers focus mostly on why questions, concentrating on the big picture and providing vision and leadership for employees across the whole organisation. Alignment of team performance and corporate goalsTo achieve the corporate aims it is necessary that the direction of the teams is towards the broad term strategic goal. Managers and team leaders induce to keep in mind what they need to achieve overall. And hence, to control the teams in such a way that either they are working on long projects or short its all adding up to the final goal. In the case of Shell the main objective of the company is to provide good quality chemicals. To achieve this there has to be a proper direct and control system of the staff working at the stores from the top management to the staff working on the floor. A good communication and understanding will always lead to easy achievement of goals, satisfying the customer at the end. Mangers are hypothetical to take into account the demand and supply of the products to make sure every product is available on time and then work should be allocated to the subordinates in a proper system to get all the work done systematically and easily.Proper team management should be done by the supervisors and the team leaders. All the staff should be divided into small teams which have to work in different sections. Proper training should be given to all the team members and a standard way of achieving the goal. This performance target should be given to all the team members and should be monitored and reviewed constantly. This standard should be according to the company policy and should be according to health and safety and customer satisfaction oriented. Providing good work at the end of every shift, which is the availability of all the products on time with good customer service.3.2 Recommend a course of action t hat achieves the project aim. Skills that need some development Communicating Decision-making Leadership Prioritizing Valuing and Skills need to be achieved. To suffice capers, experiences and opportunities from which to learn. To generate ideas without constraints of policy or structure or feasibility. Involving with other people i.e ideas bouncing off them, solving problems as part of a team. Need to have a limelight/high visibility i.e can chair meetings, lead discussion, and give presentations. To be engaging myself in short, activities such as business games, competitive teamwork tasks, role playing exercises. Supporting Others Motivating Analysing Delegating Reporting3.3 Analyse the impact of the recommendations.Training courses at Shell for career progression. Management Development programme Includes Consumer Legislation Customer Service Employment Law Health and Safety Human Resource Management Policies & ProceduresOpportunity development builds competitive positions by identifying and utilizing opportunities in the environment. Opportunity development is necessary because your existing positions are constantly being degraded by change. Opportunities exist as openings in the environment that allow you to advance your position in the direction of your mission. These openings are usually small, but by taking advantage of the small openings, you eventually position yourself for the big advances you want.Trainingafter the initial audit our ethical trade specialists work with the suppliers to support them through remediation of any issues that are found. Training is offered to suppliers on particular issues and best practice, at regular intervals. Shell is in the process of more than tripling the size of its own ethical trade team that focuses on training and intensive problem solving with its suppliers. These individuals are trained to the highest levels and are equipped to address endemic problems in the supply chain and come up with viable soluti ons for the suppliers.4.1 Produce the results of the investigatory project.The purpose of this study was to explain the team buildings and teams work in Shell and development of its research work progress within the organization. It also presents suitable analysis of the project management and planning, advisory and project implementation of work. In this report, positive results of theories and its test showed that effective teamwork can lead to a success and achieving critical goals of Shell. It may also be able to gain the sustainability of competitiveness.Moreover, study explains that how team performance can be improved through leadership with project planning to face the upcoming challenges in modern era of business environment Shell operates in. The main result was in the adoption of the learning and training courses within the company in order to prosper and enhance in the future. Shell is one of the leading companies in the world in the chemical an oil sector and it matte up pride in taking these training and development steps in order to move forward and to achieve its project aim as a result of the research program.4.2 Evaluate the impact of the investigative projectThe future sustainability of any organization heavily depends on the quality of project management to be able to cope with todays dynamic business environment. There is direct co relation between stake holder business project and the people within the firm. Shell is one of the four largest companies in the UK and has been ranked number one of the top 100 graduate employers in the UK and all over the world. The sustainability of Shell competitive advantage of its brightest people is depending on the successful team work and leadership. The best leaders know how to get others to follow and the best team members know how to follow their leaders.REFRENCESBOOKSAguilar, F.J. (1967) Scanning the Business Environment. New York McMillan. Robert , buttrick ,(2005).The project workout pearso educa tion limited Edinburgh gate Education 3rd (1) pp, 305-350 Strauss, A. & Corbin, J, (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. London Sage. Strauss, A. (1987) Qualitative Analysis For Social Scientists. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Total Quality Management The route to improving performance by John S. Oakland (Hardcover 15 foul up 1993) Shell employee control hand book 07/08Personal development as a strategic manager unit 7001 level 7 strategic management and leadership CMI Checklist Personal development planning Developing strategy for world class businessE-learning Your role in improving personal effectiveness Development needs and planning developmentWeb links www.milum.net 13/12/2009 www.enotes.com 13/12/2009 www.quickmba.com 13/12/2009 www.managers.org.uk 10/12/2009 www.shell.co.uk 20/12/2009

Industrial Technology

Industrial Technology, flavor Products and Furniture Study Notes Perry Tappenden heartys Terminology associated with the whole tone industry comes in some forms it is utilise to address new(prenominal)wise workers, to kick in got a quick response to a question or to retrace statements shorter and to non go into extensive detail. Examples of certain tint terminology includes a plait Distortion of a piece of lumber, Header a structural member located between the stud reciprocal or rafter. These ar a some instances of terminology as there be many more(prenominal) than this.Timber reco rattling and conversion is when timber is collected either from deposits or from land and sawing machinen into newer sheets of timberland, or burned and utilise for something else much(prenominal) as firewood, this practice is ordinarily sought after. When wood is converted it dissolve also be broken down into chips and remake into sheets of take to the woods for use thereafter. * Live Sawing This gives the around timber from the log its the most simple and cheapest way to cut the log into boards. Timber cut in this order may shrink or warp unevenly.This timber is suitable for spin work, fences and crates * Quarter sawing The log is quartered lengthwise, resulting in wedges with a right angle ending at approximately the centre of all(prenominal) log. The resulting boards atomic number 18 called quarter sawn. * Back sawing Takes high quality timber from faulty logs. It al humbleds for the faulty parts to be cut nearly with little languish. Back sawing is employ for floor and ceiling fits as there is more strength in the advocate of the growth rings. Flitches and Burls atomic number 18 deformities on the purposelesscurricular of timber, its found on the purportgrowth on a tree trunk. Flitches argon slices of veneer form a tree trunk and atomic number 18 unplowed in the order of which they were sawn. * Stability is the limit to which timber ce ase re embodimentd and formed. If timber is stable indeed it would have been seas iodined and consequently maintains its shape with protrude curling. * Seasoning is the process in which moisture is dried out from the cell walls and cell cavities of the wood. Air seasoning is a natural drying method which takes ither a fewer days or a few weeks in which timber is stacked in nearly ventilated stacks out in the inconsiderate. Kiln seasoning is an bionic drying method in which timber is placed in large drying rooms in which controlled temperature and humidity circuate around the boards. * Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) affects the stability of the timber. As moisture content increases. Timber swells. If moisture content decreases, timber shrinks. Timber should move in rattling minor amounts, so hence it should be aright seasoned.Timber selection considerations refers to what to consider when selecting timbers, hardwoods and soft woods may be chosen as they both have differ ent moisture contents and therefore different considerations must be put into place. * Plantation timbers come from artificially planted forest or plantation. Timber gained from plantation comes from fast growing trees used for lumber. * Exotic Timbers are timbers that are rare and hard to come by, the timber is a reddish brown and is prized by carpentryers, it is used in wood turnings, handles and other items, an example of an Exotic wood is aloneocasuarina Torulosa or known as Forest Oak. Recycling/Reusing Timber is the process of salvaging timber products from old creates, bridges and wharfs, the timber is then taken to a mill where all admixture objects are removed and the the timber is re-sawn and sold to consumers usually as flooring, beams or decking. * Green Timbers are wood products that have recently cut and have therefore not had an opportunity to season by evaporation of the internal moisture. The term applies to wood such as firewood lumber. * Economical Usage/ Was te Minimisation revolves around how to control timber wastage.Scrap timber rump be reused in other projects where necessary and therefore saves time and money from buying more timber for other uses. Waste minimisation is how to control timber wastage in order to save money. Waste can be controlled with a waste management plan in which 10% is added to timber to be cut to allot for an affordable amount of waste. * Environmental Issues/ befoulment that advert timber production is dust, air emissions and odours and hazard materials including chemicals. Pollution can arise from these things so therefore care should be taken. Another environmental pop out is deforestation. Sustainability is about how long a timber will brave out. Depending on what the desired project is, will reflect that will be selected. A wood such as pine is sustainable but will not last over years like hardwood will. Sustainable timber will have a higher price, but will last longer than most other timbers that a re not as sustainable. * OHS Issues regarding timber selection are affected by the type of timber that is chosen. For example if a hardwood is chosen it must be taken into consideration that it is heavy durable and therefore feet protection must be worn.Also the machinery must be used with caution as it will work harder against the timber. The right timber must also be selected for the job as certain projects require a specific timber that is suitable, if the wrong timber is used it may have an issue such as not macrocosm able to support the weight of itself. Manufactured Board are products that are engineered to precise and specific form purposes. Manufactured board is used in a variety of applications such as home constructions to industrial products.The resulting boards are very stable and offer greater structural strength than natural wood building materials. The Construction and Manufacture of fabricate board involves the equivalent hard and soft woods used in normal const ruction. Scraps and other wood waste can be used to make manufactured wood also. Its manufactured for practical uses and also for flat pack furniture because of its low cost. Veneers are thin sheets of timber, thinner than 3mm that are glued onto core panels to produce flat panels. Veneer is constructed with a either a rotary lathe, a piece machine or a half-round lathe.Using different types of slicing, a different type of grain will appear. Plywood is manufactured by laminating an odd consequence of thin sheets of timber, or veneers. The sheets are placed with the grain running along the length of the sheet. The sheet is bonded under heat and pressure with durable, moisture resistant adhesives. When stick to the sheets, the sheets are arranged in a grain counselling with the grain at right angles in the alternate layers. Particleboard is made from the thinnings and trimmings from pine plantations as well as plantation trees.The wood stock is milled in to granular flakes whi ch are dried and sprayed with a resin adhesive. The flakes are formed into mats with coarse flakes sandwiched between the charming flakes. A number of these mats are placed in a hot press where they are compressed. The high temperature of the press and the resin forms a strong board that is grainless, that hold ons termites and borers. Fibre Boards are constructed the same way as particleboards, the difference between the twain is that the particles are pulped to separate the wood fibres which interlock with each other to create the sheets strength.Fibreboards are available in plain sanded sheets or veneered in a range of cabinet timbers. Block manufactured boards have a limited application in the furniture industry, The main use is an secondary to thin sheets of particle board or medium constriction fibreboard for cupboard backs and drawer bottoms. Lamiboard are produced by bonding thin wood veneers unitedly in a large billet. The resulting product features enhanced robot ic properties and dimensional stability.. Lamiboard is used in many products including rafters, resulters, beams, joists, rim boards, studs and columns. OH&S Issues regarding manufactured boards is that some of boards may burn faster than solid timber, they require more thrust for their manufacture than solid timber, the adhesives used may be toxic, cutting and working can expose workers to toxic compounds, Some of the manufactured products are more habituated to heat warping when used for exterior purposes, exterior use is also not recommended because the boards soak up moisture. Glues used for manufactured wood include Urea-formaldehyde resins (most common, most cheap, and not waterproof. Phenol-formaldehyde resins (Yellow/brown, and commonly used for exterior exposure products. ) Melamine-formaldehyde resin (white, heat and water resistant, and often used in exposed sur face ups in more expensive designs. ) Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate or polyurethane resins (expensive, g enerally waterproof, and do not contain formaldehyde). curbting and Allied Materials-Hardware and Fittings Screws are on of the most commonly used woodwork fittings, they have a single use of joing two or more pieces of wood together depending on the length of the screw.Screws come in different head types for varying areas of work, The thread on each of the screws differs for the grip on the board as well as width of the board. Nails are also a commonly used fastener in the timber industry and trades. Nails are used to join together two or more pieces of timber and have many variations. Nails also have many variations for different uses and can be inserted at different angles to strengthen joints. goofy & Bolts are used in conjunction with one another to joint together a stack of parts.The joint piese are helf together with a combination of the threads friction, a stretch of the bolt, and compression of the parts. Nuts & Bolts vary in sizes and shapes to fit to the job necessar y, nuts bolts as big as 60mm exist on the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Knockdown Fittings are items of furniture that have the ability to be taken assembled and disassembled any number of times. The furniture has also been made with many different modifications that the owner can perform themselves. These include changing the position of the shelves or even adding shelves in general.Transport and storage of this furniture is also made very undemanding. Hinges are devices that are secured to a side of a cabinet and attached to a gatewaystep or other object to allow the door to open and close. Hinges are available in many forms and open to a 180 stratum angle. The knuckle of the hinge shows when the door is closed but there are many types of hinges such as concealed hinges that prevent this. Handles are an attachment to a door that allows an floozy to open and close the door. Hinges are constantly changing and are manufactured by several manufactures. Handles are made out of waxy, metal and even wood.They are a D shape and are screwed onto the door vagabond. Knobs are alike to handles in which they allow an operator to open and close a door, they might be favoured or disregarded over a handle. Knobs also come in variations of wood, metal and plastic. Like handles they can be used on doors or drawers. Staples are used by upholsters for fastening fabric to the wooden composes of covered furniture. Staples can be applies with a staple fibre gun or a pneumatic tacker. Staples can also be used in the assembly of light frames and furniture components as an alternative to nailing and are employ with an air tacker. Drawer Runners are devices that are secured to the interior of a drawer and allow for a smooth operation of the drawer and will last a long life. Some draw runners do not allow the drawer to extend to its full depth, however, fully extending drawers have an extra telescopic extension which allows the drawer to extend for its full depth. Table Clips are used to attach solid timber tops to tables and other items of furniture, to deliver the goods this result, a groove is cut in the inside faces of the table and the table clip, an S shaped piece, is slotted into the groove and the opposite side is screwed into the top of the table. Latches are a component that allow for two surfaces to connect that also allows for regular separation. Latches are usually used on large doors or windows. They can be made from plastic or from metal and can be secured with a padlock. Latches can also be places on the inside or the outside of a door depending on the levels of security needed. Catches are a component that is attached to a door and harps of two separate parts, a striker and retainer. Catches can join together via a ball with springs, a magnetic strip on the striker and retainer, or a roller that separates and rolls onto the other.They keep doors firmly closed, yet are lock away easy to open. Shelf Hangers are small shelf supports t hat are available for various applications. Three commonly used shelf hangers are plug in which simply plug into a boreed hole and are made from plastic. Sleeve mounted which is slim mount that fits into a metal sleeve that is start inserted into the hole. Strip mounted supports fit into holes or slots in plastic or aluminium strips which are knocked into grooves that are cut into the wood side piece. Additional Materials utilise to Timber Based Products Glass as a material can be used in conjunction with timber products. A glass door can be added to a cabinet or a glass centre piece can be utilize to a door frame on a small or large cabinet. Glass boilers suit gives a more modern look and prevents dust from getting on the shelves. metallic element is used in conjunction with timber in many ways, handles and knobs can be made from a metal and add a nice overall look to the project. Fasteners are also made from metal. Corner covers can also be applied to timber projects such a chest of drawers or any other box.These add a vintage or modern look. Polymers can also collaborate with woodwork, these can be used similarly to metal materials such as handles and fasteners. Also, like glass, a plastic sheet can be used to insert into a door frame. Upholstery Materials that can be used in conjunction with timber products is fabric sheets, which can be stapled on to cover a certain section. If upholstery is used, It must be fitted properly. ickys PVA or polyvinyl acetate rayon is a white, ready to use, glue. It is not waterproof but will resist bacteria. It has good gap filling qualities, is on stainable, and non flammable. PVA is the most commonly used adhesive in woodworking burt wont bond a non-porous material surface such as metal to wood. Epoxy Resin is a two part glue consisting of resin and a hardener or catalyst. They allow assembly time at up to an hour at approximately 20 degrees. It is very fast-setting and contact with the skin should be heavily avoided. It will attach non-porous to porous materials at anytime. Hot Glue is an adhesive that will glue two surfaces together. The glue is squeezed from a glue gun that heats and melts a stick of glue.The glue itself will bond together porous materials only as solid objects such as metal or glass will not grip the glue when it hardens. Urea-Formaldehyde are thermo setting adhesives which are hardened by the addition of a catalyst. The adhesive is widely used in the industry. It takes 2-24 hours to set at room temperature. The glue cannot be softened by heat one it sets. Ventilation or respiratory equipment should be used with this adhesive and contact with the skin should be avoided. Resorcinol glue is an adhesive that has high strength in both dry and arch conditions.It is also resistant to high temperatures. Its main use is to glue timber that requires immediate repair straight away. The glue withstands tropical and sub-zero temperatures as well as salt and fresh water. Con tact Glue is a synthetic rubber based adhesive, It is mostly used to bond plastic laminate to manufactured boards. Adhesive is applied with a spreader which becomes dry in about 10-20 minutes. The two sheets are brought together resulting in an immediate bond. No cramping is necessary, rather rubbing and smoothing with a block of wood. The adhesive is flammable, highly toxic and gives of pungent fumes.Processes, Tools and Machinery Planning Sketches are used to help develop ideas, communicate design ideas to others such as the client, milling machinery manager or workshop supervisor. They also help to work out sizes and proportions. Many sketching proficiencys ar ecarried out in order to communicate through the sketch. shop class Drawings are usually of the multi-view type, prepared accurately to scale. Drawing standards are intended to provide consistency in presentation. If a furniture designer prepares a selective service then it should be able to read by all people that fol low the same presentation requirements. Material Lists require linear measurements and basic calculations. Timber is sold in metres so therefore all measurements must be counted for and there should be waste allowance which equals to an extra 10% on the last(a) measurement. A materials list should include size of the section, species of timber, type of finish, number of pieces and the lengths required. Calculations that are included in woodwork require addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. This is necessary when setting out details and working out quantities and costs.Calculations are applies to the area, surface area, and waste allowances using formulas and equations. Costing is a major factor in measurements of timber. For costing it must be made certain that all materials needed for the project are listed and also to keep the unit of measurement consistent, this will prevent confusion from the timber marketer and fellow furnishers. Preparation of Timber Dressin g timber involves making the timber flat, straight and square, so that its ready for a project. Dressing can be done with a professional machine or it can be done manually using hand held power tools.Dressing timber by yourself ensures that even though timber may have warps or twists they can be compensated for and attended to straight away. Thicknessing involves using a thicknesser machine to designate down down timber to a desired thickness. The process is by setting the machine to a desired thickness and inserting the wood into the opening where it will be cut down to a thickness that is required. The result will not happen immediately as it will take a while to narrow down the timber. Face sides of timber need to be well sanded and at the dress measurement.Due to the face side facing outwards on the project, it is all-important(a) that it is well sanded, and planed to a correct standard so the project does not look out of shape. Edges on timber must be square on all sides of timber. This must be checked with a square and must be fixed if the timber is not properly edged. When creating joints, all edges have to be square as a defective edge can throw the whole prohect out of proportion. Manufacturing Individual Components as a Part of a declare oneself Legs Widening Joints Dowelled Butt Joints is a simple method of widening to form a solid timber top.Dowels are positioned at 150-200mm intervals along the length of the boards. The direction of the growth rings shouldbe alternated for when wide boards are fall in. Care should be taken because when one of the boards has movement it will react onto the next board. Tongue and Groove joints are widely used for re-entrant angles. The effect of wood shrinkage is concealed. Each piece has a slot cut all along one edge, and a thin, deep ridge on the opposite edge. The joinging method has been rendered obsolete with the introduction of plywood. The method however is dumb used in higher-quality flooring. R ebate housing joints is similar to a butt joint , except it has a second contact surface. The second contact surface allows for another set of nails to be hammered into the joint to make for a stronger joint overall. Groove and Feather is similar to the tongue and groove joint, however, in the opening a wood feather strip is inserted. This allows for an alternative to the tongue and groove joint. Biscuit joints are a quick and easy way to reinforce butt and mitre joints. The oval shaped biscuits fit into place from a hole made by a biscuit joiner.Biscuit joints can basically be used wherever joggle or mortice and tenon joints can be used. This includes framing, widening, and leg and rail construction. Framing Joints Mitre joints involve cutting the flat side of timber at a 90 degree angle. The joint is usually used for the corners of picture frames and decorative furniture mouldings. The angles are cut with a mitre saw. The joints can be joined with dowel, biscuits or can be joi ned via mitre halving joints. Halving Joints have half the thickness or width of the material removed from each part, so that when the opposing sides are joined they will be flush with one another.Corning halving is used for frames. The halving joints themselves can be reinforced with nails and/or glue. Dowelled are commonly used in frame construction as well as leg and rail construction. Dowels are glued into one piece and the joint is assembled with glue applied to the contact surfaces and the other dowel holes. Box Pin is also known as a Finger Joint and involves cutting a set of complementary cuts in two pieces of wood, which are then glued. It is stronger than a butt or lap joint and will often form the general overall look of the piece. Mortise and Tenon joints are belike the most common joints used in framing timber joinery and traditional furniture. They have several variations which allow furniture designers to combine creative design with sound construction. The joints themselves can be strengthened with wedges, nails and glue. Bridle Joints have a third of the thickness of the material removed from the centre of the one part of the joint and from the outsides of the other part. Carcase Joints Rebate joint is a recess or groove cut into the edge of a piece of timber. Rebate joints.Rebate joints are stronger than the usual butt joints because they have two contact surfaces which allows for two nails to be inserted if necessary. Scribed joinery is the technique of shaping the end of a moulding or frame to fit the contours of an abutting member. It is commonly used in skirting and other moulding in a room. Coping is only used for internal corners. All other external corners will be mitred. Dovetail joints are tapered so that the joint can come out in one direction only. Dovetails cut on one part of the joint fit into sockets cut on the other part.The shapes left between the sockets are called pins. Hand cut dovetails are always larger than the p ins, machine cut dovetails and pins are the same size, except for the smaller outer pins. Housing joints provide more strength than butt joints and are commonly used where load bearings is an important design factor. Housing joints are used in framing, they come in variations such as through housing, stop housing, and rebate housing. Construction Techniques Sawing is the most commonly used technique to cut wood into the shapes and sizes as desired. Sawing can be performed with several cutting devices.The handheld saw, a drop saw, a band saw and a table saw to only mention a few. Sawing can be dangerous if safe and correct procedures are not carried during operation. Drilling is also one of the most commonly used techniques in furnishing. It involves a work out bit, powered by a drill to create a hole in the timber to allow a screw, a dowel, or a bolt to enter the hole for many purposes. The drill bits vary in size and length and this will affect the depth and size of the hole. Edge Treatments for timber include smoothing out the edges with a plane or using sandpaper with a sanding block.Effects can also be applied to an edge using a router and a router bit that looks good on the project. Other treatments include using a router to make a housing joint. Nailing and Screwing techniques include collaborations with joints such as mortise and tenon joints to strengthen these. Nails are applied with a hammer or a nail gun and screws are inserted with a power tool or handheld screwdriver. Sanding is a technique that involves a grainy paper, that slowly scratches away at the wood grains and creates a smooth finish. Sandpaper is sanded on using a cork sanding block.Varying grains on the paper, make the difference between how much of the grain you want to remove and how smooth the timber will come out. Scraping is an old technique that allows for an extremely fine finish on timber. Scrapers work best on highly figured woods. A difference between sandpaper and a s craper is that sandpaper can exterminate the 3 dimensional look of the wood, but scrapers can restore this. Other Construction Techniques Turning involves a rectangular prism shaped piece of timber that is spun on a lathe and chisels are applied to the surface which cuts away, eventually creating a cylindrical shaped piece.Turning is an effective way of creating posts, or details to an overall project. Carving is a practice that is applied to the surface of timber where a shape, pattern or any other design is chiseled and carved into the timber using various tools. The practice, when done by hand is very difficult as accuracy and precision is at stake and could ruin the entire surface. passe-partout machines are available which use precise accuracy to cut out the shapes. Inlaying involves a shape, usually made from veneer being inserted into a depression that is the same shape as the veneer or contrasting coloured timber.Inlaying can be done by hand but like carving, is a very hard practice. It should be done with an accurate machine. Marquetry is similar to inlaying except it is made up of more pieces and is much harder process. The results that come from marquetry is decorative patterns, designs and pictures. curve veneer is also used for this method as it is also easy to sand and shape. Veneering is an old art of having thin sheets of veneer board covering the outside of timber sides and creating a nice look that appears like its a full piece of timber.Veneer boards are stuck to plywood boards to create a nice finish from the outside. Parquetry is a similar method to Marquetry except it form simple geometric shapes, forming tiled patterns that would cover the floor. Aside from veneer, other timbers can be used such as oak, walnut, cherry, can be enployed. Even expensive timber such as mahogany can be used. Laminating is a technique that uses a multi synthetic that is fused in a lamination process. Laminating simulates timber with a photographic a pplique under a clear plastic layer.Laminated flooring is most commonly used as this is cheap, more durable than carpet and looks like the floor is made from proper timer. Bending is a technique that is applied to that is applied to sheets of timber when a bend is necessary, this could be for a ramp or any other similar device. T bend sheets, the boards are steamed and the pores in the timber become soft and allow for it to bent into a curved shape. Routing is a process for creating a recess into pieces of timber to allow for a housing joint or any other timber to be inserted to create a strong joint.Routing can also be applied to the edges of timber for corner work that involves joints. Construction Techniques Using Manufactured Boards Economical Sheet Layout is the process of choosing manufactured boards that have minimal surface defects. Its best to take on the most economical sheets when they are all laid out. Using proper veneer and pine combinations also help with the outco mes of plywood economics. Cutting Sheet Material can be carried out in a number of ways. Manufactured sheets can be cut out using a table saw or a circular saw. A saw guide helps with a circular saw.Cutting sheet material is an easy process but still must be carried out responsibly and properly. Handling Sheet Material should be like handling most other timber in the industry. It should be held close to the body where it is safe and wont be dropped. If assistance is required for lifting heavy or rigid sheet materials then help should be requested immediately. Assembly of Components should be carried out with proper joints and with proper components for assembly. Components used for manufactured boards include screws and nails and glue, these are usually joined with butt joints.Assembly of Components Test, Fit and Check Joints is a process that must be carried out before proper gluing of a project. The joints should all be joined without glue to be tested if they fit. All joints should then be checked with a square at the corners. If it is not accurate, then some chiseling or filling should be carried out. Dry suffocate is a technique that should be carried out before gluing. The frame or project should be fitted into the cramp so that when the glue is applied it can quickly be placed into the cramp without a messy job. Use of Cramps is a sometimes difficult procedure but can be made easy when all steps are followed. The cramp should be dry tested as described above and then glued and tightened. When tightening cramps, they should be tightened evenly. parallel of latitude clamp should be placed in the middle to counteract the outer clamps making the board bend upwards. Testing for Square and Flatness should be carried out using a square on the corners. If the joints are not square, then the cramps should be loosened and the frame or project be readjusted. To check the lusterlessness should be done with the side of a ruler or with a flat piece of timbe r.Its best to check the flatness to avoid the frame or timber going in wind. Finishing Preparation for staining involves the process of setting up the timber with a work table and brush and brush on the stain to the timber in all the desired areas where necessary. Staining gives the wood a more professional look and makes the wood look more expensive. Filling fills in the pores of the timber of open grained or textured timber to provide a smoother surface to build up the finishing material. Oils consist of oil-soluble dyes dissolved in oils such as turpentine. Finishes can range in appearance from a deep, shiny glass-like look to a dull surface which reflects very little light. Shellac is used for traditional French polishing, Its a natural resin that is applied with a polishing pad and gradually builds up the body of pelageing. Nitro-Cellulose Lacquer is a spray on finish that needs to be thinned down and dries in a few minutes. Environmental Issues that concern polishing a re the fumes that the finishes give off, while not entirely harmful to the human body, these do inhabit the air and could affect the surrounding environment.Ii would also require a lot of energy to make the finishes also. Industrial Processes that are associated with finishing is the proper use of PPE, this would include gloves, and possibly a face mask, depending on the users intake of the fumes from the finish. It would also be necessary to work in a well ventilated room to ensure that the fumes to not fill up and enclosed room. Other processes include leaving the timber a good amount of time to dry before another coat is added and to follow all instructions on the finishes container such as application and preparation.

Internship Narrative

Internship Narrative My contrivened internship impart be with Delaware North Company in their (Milwaukee) Sportservice division at Miller Park in the Majestic Team Store. I leave behind be working under the direction of _______, who is the Retail follower Manager. This internship exit fit salutary into my professional career objectives, is appropriate for my education, and eitherow expand my knowledge in business operations. My career goal is to become a general tutor in some area in hospitality. I have always been interested in a career that is mainly social and social, not sitting in a cubicle crunching numbers both day.Rather being out on the floor talking and meeting people. This position will give some insight to management in the service industry. My position at Miller Park will be over assembleing the terrace level workshops operations and supervising the retail associates in that store. It is a great way for me to test my skills at management. Going from a fellow employee to one of their supervisors will be difficult. I was a retail store attendant and now am a store supervisor. My old duties as a cashier were limited, I could only do sales. As a manager or supervisor I can now do a return, sell a induct certificate, or give a discount.I have more responsibilities as well outside cashiering. Now I am in charge of coming in on non-game days to restock and check in inventory, clean up and change out the displays, and any filler jobs that my supervisor might have. It will be quite a change from my previous position because of the amount of work and responsibility added to the new position. When I was a cashier, I could only come in two hours before gates open, leave about an hour after games, and could only work games. Now I have the opportunity to come in on non-game days, which leads to more hours but also much more responsibility.During these new hours before games I will be checking and ordering inventory up from warehouse, squeeze chan ge for the cash registers, and any other miscellaneous jobs left to complete before the store attendants arrive. As a cashier I was only in charge of checking my register area, whereas now I am in charge of the whole store in reservation sure it is running smoothly during the game. This is solely incompatible than my old positions duties. It will be more challenging but will help pretend me for my career goal in management which is makes it worth doing.This internship is appropriate for my education because I can apply many skills and techniques Ive learned in the classroom. The top classes I plan to stop into my internship are * Interpersonal Communication * Leadership and Management * Organizational Behavior In social communication we discussed the different patterns for assort communication. I found this rattling helpful because it reminded me of how most leading will run a meeting or discussion. The first figure (Figure 1) is from our chapter on communicating in the wor kplace from my social communication textbook.It shows the three common patterns of aggroup communication. While trying to get us involved in his lecture, our speech professor would incorporate the different patterns of group communication. Pattern A is how most t all(prenominal)ers or managers will typically run a discussion, where it is them talking to all individuals at once. Most lectures are this way, and it made us realize how little communication or involvement there was from the rest of the class. When we used pattern B, it left out the shy and quiet students and didnt get their opinions across. When we used pattern C, we were able to get allone involved in the discussion.We were able to do this by having a tally marked next to our name every time we spoke or had a comment to add. By the end of the discussion, everyone had spoken at least once to get a tally. I plan on using the pattern we all agreed in class would be more in force(p) which was pattern C. It represents th e total group and separately phallus being heard, the best for reliable conclusions. A is too rigid and is a leader-dominated group. It tends to lead to poor discussion. This internship will be a great way for me to test and experiment with pattern C and see how effective it can be.At the beginning of each shift we have a team meeting in each store. I plan on having each person contribute something in these meetings that might need more attention or could be changed. In lead and management, we would mainly discuss what leadership styles there were, referring to the lookal patterns that a person portrays when that person is trying to lead. The two main portrayals were proletariat-oriented leaders and person-oriented leaders. Most effective leaders would have both skills. I want to become one of those leaders.One who determines what has to be done and how to go about doing tasks effectively as a task-oriented leader. As well as one who will also suggest ways of accomplishing the task at hand, but also will encourage others to determine how. We also discussed how to prepare for such leadership in the six steps suggested and researched by Fred Fiedler (1967) be knowledgeable about the particular tasks, develop mental models for managing meaning, work harder than anyone else, be in person committed to group goals and needs, be willing to be decisive, and develop people skills as well as task skills. In order to be an effective supervisor, I will need to work hard at becoming more knowledgeable about the store and its surroundings, the RetailPro program we use, and how to open and close nap a store. I will need to be able to anticipate what if scenarios such as what if the program shuts down while quick-pulling and we need to switch all registers over to the hand held card readers. I am a hard worker, but will need to work even harder as a manager because I need to enured a good example for all the employees to follow.I will also need to keep the group actua ted in comer the goals narrow down for the store, perhaps exceed well over the minimum for sales for most of the home stands. There will be times when I will have to make a decision and get resented, such as writing someone up for being on their phone, but I will need to be decisive and follow through with the discipline. Finally, I will have to work hard at finding that balance of people and task skills. Seeing to it that everyone has had their chance to contribute, handle conflicts in ways that end in rectify terms, and support their opinions and follow through on them if they are appropriate.Organizational behavior cover a comprehensive view of organizational theory and behavior by studying individual and group behaviors and how these interrelate with the organizations structure, systems, and goals. Early on we discussed three basic managerial roles interpersonal, informational, and decision-making. Right now I consider the internship to be under mainly an interpersonal role, which covers skills used to kick the bucket with, understand, and motivate individuals and groups a critical skill for first-line managers, according to our textbook by Griffin and Moorhead, as you can see from Figure 2.This figure was taken from our powerpoint on the overview of organizational behavior chapter. From the figure, you can see that technical and interpersonal skills are the most important. However still need to have some conceptual and diagnostic skills. This way of laying out these skills based on their contemporary Organizational Behavior approach is very clever in showing the level of each skill set to each level of management. I will be entering this industry as a first line manager while working under the direction of a middle manager and bank to someday become a top manager in the service industry.One way to implement the interpersonal skill will be by motivation. A main part of motivation process is need deficiency. I have to be able to motivate the employees to maintain some professionalism while still having a bit of fun. Make it a little competitive to make them do their best with a advantage system, resembling a goal-directed behavior. In this case, it follows the traditional approach by Fredrick Taylor where it assumes that employees are motivated solely by money. This is true for the entry level position of retail store attendants.This internship will expand my knowledge in business operations. Two skills I plan to take away from other workers at this position is * An sum up in my confidence * Communication skills I am a very outgoing person, however when I am in a position of making the decisions and directing individuals to work I become quite timid and shy. I want to change this and increase my level of confidence with this position. All the other real supervisors excel with getting employees to follow their directions without sounding too upfront or direct. I hope to do the same and learn from them.As many know, the ability to communicate in an effective and professional manner can make all the difference in business. I will need to learn how to communicate better with other professionals rather than just the customers. I will have to constantly communicate with my manager and assist her with the buyers and players families that come into the stores from time to time. Since ordinarily only the supervisors will be in touch with them while they shop or browse the stores layout. I plan on watching how the other managers communicate with them and find out the dos and donts when relations with the buyers or player families.As I work there I hope to expand my knowledge of business in two ways * How to manage a small group of employees who are part of a larger group * How to multitask with large projects I believe I will have what it takes to make sure they do their jobs and understand when they disagree with my method. As I mentioned before, I am great with the one on one, but will adapt to talking in fr ont of a larger group. I hope by midsummer I will know how to effectively manage a small group that follows the standards, policies, and procedures of a larger organization.Every year there are many different projects going on at once within the retail department. Within the last two years weve had two major projects alongside the seasonal and home-stand projects. Managers were dealing with training new supervisors with the opening of a club level store and last year redesigning the main store. While these were going on, they were juggling the projects and reaching the goals they had set for that season with sales and introducing new products. Time management is key, and learning how these managers in such a fast-paced job focus on reaching all goals set for that season and in the long term is outstanding.I would like to learn from them on how to better manage my time and juggle projects to make sure each gets the attention it needs to be attained. It is one thing to sit there in t he classroom and learn the different styles and techniques managers use but I am very interested in how I will implement what Ive learned into the internship and my future career. This internship will give me the chance to test some of the theories and styles to see what works best for me whether I can be both a task-oriented and person-oriented leader.No matter what area of business I study, the most important aspect is to be able to relate to my employees. I want to learn how to effectively motivate employees. Being able to observe and hear how employees respond to different strategies will determine me methods I could never learn in a classroom. In class, we generally learn about the different business areas independently. I am interested in seeing first-hand how all the divisions of a business function together. Figure 1 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 2

Simple Harmonic Motion Dominic Stone Lab Partner

Experiment 1 unprejudiced Harmonic Motion Dominic Stone Lab Partner Andrew Lugliani January 9, 2012 Physics 132 Lab Section 13 Theory For this test we investigated and learned about simple harmonic motion. To do this we hung and measured different masses on a organize-mass system to calculate the king constant k. Simple harmonic motion is a special type of periodic motion. It is best described as an oscillation motion that causes an object to move back-and-forth in reaction to a restoring pull in given by Hookes Law 1) F=-kx Where k is the force constant. past using two different procedures, we calculate the value of the force constant k of a spring in our oscillating system. We observed the period of oscillation and use this formula 2) T=2(m/k) Then we reduced the equality to solve for the value of k by 3) k=42/slope Slope represents the slope of the graph in procedure B. k is then(prenominal) the measure of the stiffness of the spring. We can then discriminate k to that of a vertically stretched spring with various masses M. By using the following compare 4) Mg=kx Where x is the distance of the stretch in the spring.To find the value of the constant k we take the data from procedure A and graph it. development this graph, we use equation 5) k=g/slope We can compare the two values of the constant k. Both values should be exact since we employ the same spring in both procedures. Here simple harmonic motion is used to calculate the restoring force of the spring-mass system. Procedure Part A First, we preparation up the experiment by suspending the spring from the support mount and measured the distance from the lower end of the spring to the floor.After, we hung 100 grams from the spring and measured the hot distance created from the stretch of the spring. We then restate this step for masses 200 to 1000 grams, by increasing the weight by 200 grams each time. Then we took this data and plotted them on a graph with suspended weight Mg versus elongat ion x. After plotting this data we were then able to evaluate the force constant k from the slope of the graph. Part B First, we suspend 100 grams from the spring and let it lay at rest.When the spring was naturally set in its equilibrium position, we slightly pulled down the weight and recorded the time it took for the weight to complete 10 oscillations and calculated the average period of each oscillation. We then repeated this process for masses 100 to 1000 grams by increasing the weight by 100 grams each time. After we completed this process we plotted a graph of T2 verses suspended mass m with the data. When then found the intercept at T2=0 to see how it would compare with the value of negative one-third the mass of the spring.We then also determined the spring constant k by calculating the slope of the graph and compared it with the spring constant k in part B. Data Part A Mg(Kg/s2) X(m) 1. 96 0. 39 3. 92 0. 63 5. 88 0. 86 7. 84 1. 11 9. 8 1. 36 Part B M(Kg) T (s) T(s) T2(s2) 0. 1 8. 24 0. 824 0. 679 0. 2 9. 87 0. 987 0. 974 0. 3 12. 74 1. 274 1. 623 0. 4 14. 57 1. 457 2. 123 0. 5 16. 23 1. 623 2. 634 0. 6 17. 49 1. 749 3. 059 0. 7 19. 21 1. 921 3. 69 0. 8 20. 26 2. 026 4. 105 0. 9 21. 69 2. 169 4. 705 1 22. 89 2. 289 5. 24 Data Analysis

Midnight in Paris Analysis Essay

In the movie Midnight in genus genus Paris, there are a bargain of interesting sights in the more or less beautiful city in the world. During the film, Woody Allen showed us how Paris is beautiful in the morning, charming in the afternoon, and entrancing in the evening, but it is magic and has a lot of surprising things after midnight.St nontextual mattering with the Eiffel Tower, there were a lot of iconic shots of Paris at its most touristic points like its beautiful streets under the rain, the notable river in the city La seine , and the broad gardens that makes this city the most beautiful destination for the famous artists who were looking for for a quiet place to develop their talent as writers. The movie is a nice combination of Paris in 2010 and Paris in the past, when the famous artists and writers were there like Ernest Hamingway, F Scott Fitzgerald, Picasso, Gertrud Stein, and Salvador Dali.Throughout the movie the director didnt just show us Paris and its tourist loc ations, but also took us to destinations out of the city such as Versailles and Monets gardens in Giverny. Then, there were both the warmly lit shots of the cafes, restaurants, and the famous shops such as Coco comport and Dior. In addition, the beauty of the sights and the photos grabbed the viewers attention to want to watch this movie and to discover a lot of more information well-nigh almost of the most famous artists in the early 19th century.The movie Midnight in Paris, had succeed with calveicipation of group of people who were capable and successful in their job as artists. The writer and director was Woody Allen, and the lead actors were Owen Wilson, Rachel Mc Adams, and Kathy Bates. The cast was by Marian Cotillard, Michael Sheen, Adrien Brody, and Alison Pill. The studio was Gravier Production, Mediapro, Televisio de catalunya TV3, and it was made in May 20, 2011 by Sony Pictures Classics. The romantic comedy fantasy film had many unbelievable moments starting by disc overing the city in the moment to traveling back in cartridge clip each night after midnight.On one hand, the movie had a lot of interesting moments between the past and the present. The story was about an American family who went to France for a business trip, and the twain young people Gil and his fiancee were engaged to be married even though their mentality and their thinking were different. She used to argue with him all the time and she didnt like him to be a writer as much as to work in Hollywood. Gil was the kind of person who likes to write and to be a successful writer, and by the time he was in Paris, he believed that this ity is the only place he will find himself in. Suddenly, and firearm he was go around the Parisian streets, he found himself coming back in time to the 19th Century when all the famous writers and painters were there. Thus, this moment Gil had a regretful change in his life. Starting by breaking up with his fiancee and falling in love with a French woman. He found himself with the stars of art in Paris in its golden time, and he didnt believe that he had a lot of conversations with the best writer ever, Ernest Hamingway.On the other hand, Paris in its golden time was the best destination for a lot of artists around the world. Ernest Hamingway was an American author and journalist who chose to live in the city of art, Paris in the golden age. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later(prenominal) generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works.Three novels, four collections of short stories, and three non-fiction works were published posthumously. Many of these are considered classics of American literature. Hemingway was raised in Oak Park, Illinois. After high school, he reported for a few months for The Kansas City Star before leaving for the Italian front to enlist with the World War I ambulance drivers. In 1918, he was seriously wounded and returned home. His wartime experiences formed the basis for his novel, A Farewell to Arms. In 1922, he married Hadley Richardson, the first of his four wives.The couple moved to Paris, where he worked as a foreign correspondent, and fell under the influence of the modernist writers and artists of the 1920s Lost Generation expatriate community. The Sun Also Rises, Hemingways first novel, was published in 1926. In my opinion as a viewer, Hemingway was one of the most interesting personalities in the movie because he had made a change on lot of artists after him and he was a good example for those want to be successful in their life as a Gil, and the most interesting part in the movie was the conversation that was in the old Peugeot car when they were talking about men and their fear of deat h.Lastly, Midnight in Paris, had package of information everyone should know. Thus, I recommend watching this movie, because it wasnt just a story like what we usually see in other films, but had much information about some famous artists in the 19th century. Also, we went back with the movie to see how those people used to live in nice and quiet world particularly in the art city. Personally, I liked the movie from the beginning to the end, because and while I was watching it, I enjoyed its quiet harmony they used to listen to.The music and the rain in the Parisian streets had made a beautiful picture about this city and also I enjoyed seeing some touristical places I had visited while I was in vacation there. In addition, I liked the story about Gil and how he was encouraging himself to get on the right way in the art, by having a good self-esteem, even though he had a lot of obstacles with his fiancee and her parents.

Analysis of Social Movements in the Egyptian Revolution

The Egyptian Revolution can undoubtedly be considered adept of the significant events of the 2011. However, even after three months since the 18-day revolution, people are still unable to determine whether or not this revolution will bring more or less positive amends to Egyptian society. Having said that, the Egyptian Revolution has shown to be a convenience to more sociologists, as it offers a promising case reputation on affectionate movements. Throughout this three-month revolution aftermath, it has become clear that the January twenty-fifth Revolution has brought about symptoms of around exclusively sorts of companionable movements.In the typical sociological perspective, genial movements are collective efforts to bring about social or political transform. Characteristics of a social movement include it being goal-oriented, having a incorporated ideology, and having an organized, sometimes bureaucratic, system. Social movements can be characterized by the type of chang e they promote. There are sextuplet major types of social movements expressive social movements, progressive social movements, resistant social movements, reformative social movements, extremist social movements, and Utopian social movements.Expressive social movements attempt to change individuals, rather so directly trying to change institutions or jurisprudences. Evangelical groups and Alcoholic Anonymous groups offer standards. Members of such movements mean that because institutions are people-created, they can only be changed by changes in people. Progressive social movements attempt to correct society by making positive changes in institutions and organizations. The Labor Movement and Civil Rights Movement exemplify progressive social movements.Resistance movements, rather than advocating change, seek to hold it back and keep the status quo. For instance, an example of this type of movement is the anti-gun control movement. Reformative social movements attempt to mak e a major change to some aspect of society or politics in general. For instance, efforts to end the death penalty, or efforts to restrain gun control in a society are considered reformative social movements. Revolutionary social movements advocate a radical shift in the fundamental structure or practice of a society.such(prenominal) types of social movements tend to involve abandon. Almost all revolutionary social movements arise when a specific segment of the population is strongly oppressed or generally dissatisfied with the society they inhabit. Examples of revolutionary social movements include the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the Bolshevik Revolution. The last type of social movement is the Utopian social movement. Such movements seek to create an ideal social environment from an image of a everlasting(a) society. They tend to reject violence as a method to gain its goal.Examples of such revolutions include Gandhis Peaceful Revolution and the countercultu re movement in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s. First and foremost, the Egyptian Revolution, jibe to its name, can obviously be categorized under a revolutionary social movement. During the 18-day uprising, people, people assembled in the now distinguished, Tahrir Square, for a simple, yet drastic agenda. They called for the resignation of the President as well as his staff, self-colored amendments to the constitution, and a promise for a democratic nation that grants its people their human rights.The protestors roosted devoted to their aims until they eventually had them fulfilled. The occurrence the protestors agenda was realized makes the January 25th incident a revolution and not a revolt. Furthermore, unlike in reformative social movements, participants of the Egyptian Revolution called for drastic change in the ruling system. Reformative social movements tend attempt to gain rights and protection for some segment of society without changing other aspects. The Egyp tian Revolution brought forth a change to the whole system.Furthermore, among the participants of the Egyptian Revolution, there were undoubtedly protestors that exemplified the symptoms of a utopian social movement. Evidently, many another(prenominal) of the protestors zestfully chanted Selmeya Selmeya (Arabic roughly meaning, Remain peaceful ). Despite the eventual violence and chaos that emerged in streets all around Egypt, there is sufficient evidence to prove that many protestors did in fact call for non-violent demonstration. afterwards the resignation of President Hosni Mubarak, symptoms of other social movements began appearing.For instance, having had their nationalist spirit replenished, many citizens took part in expressive social movements to better themselves and abide more strictly to their moral codes. Such campaigns can easily be observed by watching the television, as there have been many advertisements urging Egyptians to take better care of their nation. Additi onally, progressive movements sporadically appeared after the resignation of the 83 year-old President. After the ouster of the President, minority groups in the population, such as the Copts, began calling for better treatment by the government.Also, groups that were previously subjugated by the government, specifically Islamist groups, began appealing for the Islamic amendments they asked for before. Such groups eventually came up with more demanding demands, that their progressive movements became reformative movements. For instance, the Copts who protested at the States Maspiro building initially called for better conduct towards Coptic Christians in Egypt, however they eventually began calling for the change in the article of the constitution that states that Egyptian law is mostly derived from Islamic Shariaa Law.Ultimately, it is without a shadow of a doubt that the Egyptian January 25th revolution brought about the trend of desiring change. Hence, Egypt is commonly seeing all sorts of social movements nowadays. Having said that, although the change-urging groups in Egypt all claim to have the good of the country as their top priority, it must be acknowledged that a large number of these groups of conflicting ideologies. On top of that, many participants of these social movements derive their ideologies from religion, and thus this makes the head delicate.Throughout the past few months, Egypt has seen a number of incidents involving sectarian strife. Such incidents gave a warning portend to what this revolution may very well start to. The question to ask now is will Egypt remain 2eed wahda (Arabic for one hand) as they fervently chanted during the 18-day uprising, or will contradictions in ideologies and demands for change lead to a theological strife within Egypt.

Effects of Computer Essay

There is no disbelieve that technology has become a significant part of peoples lives nowadays. It has become a enterpriseless part of peoples routine whether it is at home or at the workplace. At this time, people, speci solelyy the young ones, are caught up with mobile phones, television sets, gaming consoles, music players, and other electronic gadgets. many a nonher(prenominal) people cannot leave their houses without their mobile phones or music players. However, the technology that probably has the most effect on instantlys society is the computer. Almost all households own a computer or a portable laptop, which is used for personal reasons.Throughout the world, companies utilize the computer to run their businesses. One of the effects that computers piddle do to society is the ability to make pass effortlessly. This is made possible through the use of other technologies including the mesh. large number who are separated by long distances are now able to talk, send i nstant messages or emails with just a few clicks. There is no need to wait for days for a written letter to arrive. People do not need to spend on long distance calls because computers would throw in them to chat and view their loved ones over the meshwork.Indeed, computers have crossed the gap that distance has made. The ability to communicate across cultures, across national boundaries, relatively quickly, and with unfettered freedom of speech has forever changed the way in which people live (Odom, 2004, p. 25). electronic computers did not only made communication between loved ones easier but also, it made communication among colleagues and workers much easier. A large amount of papers is saved everyday because employees do not have to print documents and letters all the time.Now that computers and networking are available, employees only need to send emails or instant messages for informal documents or exchange of information. The Internet also made possible for companies to manage their businesses overseas. This saves them the time, money, and effort when going to and from different work places. The most of the essence(p) effect that computer has brought to society is the ease of hookup information from the Internet. People do not have to go to libraries to research for their schoolwork or projects at work.They do not have to travel to places just to see what these places have to offer because the Internet has all the information about the world that they need. There is no excuse to be ignorant because even if the Internet is not available, there are compact discs in the market, which contains variety of information much worry an encyclopedia. However, it is important to indicate that not everything is positive when it comes to computers effects on society. Research has shown that a quarter of five-year-olds have Internet access in their bedroom and around half of teenagers had access in theirs, spending an average of 2.2 hours a day on social netwo rking sites (Ager, 2009). The large amount of time they spend and the amount of painting they have on computers and other technological devices is compromising their reading and communication skills, which may compromise their future day as professional adults. Computers have proved to become very useful innovation in todays society. One cannot imagine life at this time without the help of computers and the Internet. Its effects are not only felt inside the house but also at business sites and educational institutions, and just about everyone is affected by it either directly or indirectly.However, people should also realize that just like any other thing, relying too much on computers could also have its disadvantages. As such, while employ the computer and other technologies is inevitable, people must also learn how to distance themselves from it and learn how to do simpleton things without the use of technology.ReferencesAger, J. (2009, January 21). The new generation thats g rowing in front of a screen. Retrieved January 22, 2009, from http//www. northantset. co. uk/news/The-new-generation-that39s-growing. 4896795. jp Odom, W. (2004). Computer Networking First-step. Indiana Cisco Press.