The Character of Uncle Ben in Death of a Salesman Essay

The Character of Uncle Ben in Death of a Salesman The character of Ben in Arthur Millers Death of A Salesman serves a complex dramatic function. He is Willy Lomans real brother, the idealized memory of that brother, and an aspect of Willys own personality, and these distinct functions are sometimes simultaneous. Through his aggressive actions and vibrant speech, the audience is given a strong contrast to Willys self-doubt and self-contradiction. In addition, the encounters between Ben and Willy serve as an extended examination of professional and familial morality. Finally, Ben personifies the burden of Willys expectations in regards to both material success and the proper role of a father. The most fundamental of Bens†¦show more content†¦But this affair has long been over when the events of the play occur. When Willy tells Linda, Im vital in New England (14), he should be speaking in the past tense. In the present, he is sexually and professionally emasculated. In compensation, Willy exerts control by compulsively concluding personal encounters. Thus, in Act One, he sends Linda upstairs ahead of him. Faced with Bens spectre, he drives Charley away by disrupting the card game. And much of his anger with Biff may result from Biffs refusal to allow Willy to dictate the pattern of their conversation. Typically, Biff defends his mother against Willys anger, forcing him to walk away, beaten down, guilt-ridden (65). The pointlessness of Willys attempts at control is revealed in Act Two, in which the recurring motif is abandonment. Howard leaves Willy behind twice in the course of their scene together, even though the scene occurs in Howards office. One would expect Willy would be told to leave, but instead in both instances Howard tells him, pull yourself together (82, 84) and walks out. Willy even tries to leave at one point, and Howard stops him (83). The second episode with Ben occurs at this point, concluding with another abandonment. His next encounter is with Bernard, who although kind and patient with Willy, obviously has more important places to be and people to see, and leaves. Charley, who in theirShow MoreRelated Importance of Ben Loman in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman690 Words   |  3 PagesThe Importance of Ben Loman in in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman      Ã‚   Ben Loman is an important character in Death of a Salesman but he is quite unusual.   The audience encounters Uncle Ben during Willy Lomans hallucinations of the past and as a result, it is tempting to disregard his character as just another creation of Willys delusional mind.   However, Ben is much more than that.   His character is representative of Willys unrealistic dreams as well as the realty of his life.   Read MoreDeath of a Salesman Directors Vision1128 Words   |  5 Pages14 Pall Mart Belgravia London SW10 Pier 4 Hickson Road Walsh Bay NSW 2000 I write to you to propose the production of Arthur Miller’s classic â€Å"Death of a Salesman.† As the title suggests, the book is about the death of a salesman named Willy Loman. However, through my production, it is not the inevitable ending that will be remembered by the audience. It will be the processes that led to Willy’s conflicted mind that will resonate in the audience’s mind. The underlying values of blindRead More Myths of the American Dream Exposed in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman828 Words   |  4 PagesMyths of the American Dream Exposed in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman    Willy Loman, the lead character of Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, believes in the myths of the capitalistic society(DiYanni 412). This essay will examine the impact of the capitalistic myths on Willy Lowman.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Willy believes in the myth that popularity and physical appearance are the keys that unlock the door to the â€Å"American Dream†. We are first introduced to the importance of popularity and physicalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play Death Of A Salesman 954 Words   |  4 Pages Darrian Dowden AP English IV Death of a Salesman Written Assignment Death of a Salesman Character Analysis 1.Willy Loman. Although the main protagonist of the play, Willy Loman does not come to a certain self-realization. Searching and sifting through his memories (which cannot be completely taken as the truth as he reinvents them in a way to make them out as a golden era) he fails to recognize his slanted reality he’s lived in made up of his delusions. His forged relationship withRead More Popularity, Physical Appearance, and the American Dream in Death of a Salesman724 Words   |  3 PagesDream† is the hope for a future filled with success and fortune.   Although many may share the idea of the American Dream, each person has a different perception of what is necessary to achieve this goal.   Willy Loman, the lead character of Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, believes that popularity and physical appearance are the keys that unlock the door to the â€Å"American Dream†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We are first introduced to the importance of popularity and physical appearance when Willy is speakingRead MoreSuccess and Death of a Salesman Essay1010 Words   |  5 Pagesis achieving goals that you have set throughout your life. It is not lying and stealing but being honest and hard working throughout your life. Throughout the play, I would like to mention four characters that were important in my mind; Willy Loman, Linda, Biff, and Happy. Willy is the main character who is an older salesperson who is lost in false hopes and illusions, a man who dreams of an easy success and wealth, but throughout his life, never achieves much. I felt sorry for him because he thinksRead More Willy Lomans Vision of America in Death of a Salesman Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesWilly Lomans Vision of America in Death of a Salesman Arthur Millers The Death of a Salesman, is about a man, Willy Loman, whose life is going downhill and coming to an end. Willy Loman was a good salesman because he cared and was honest and through his personality he sold his goods. Time has moved on, but Willy hasnt. The business world has moved ahead and the way of selling goods had changed, but Willy cant see this. Willy Loman has never come to terms withRead MoreDeath of a Salesman vs. Tragedy and the Common Man1220 Words   |  5 Pagespattern supports the central idea that a tragedy can occur for characters who are common men as well as those in high places. Throughout his paper, Miller demonstrates that it should be possible for every reader to be able to identify with the tragic hero. Miller redefines tragedy as more common occurrence than what might happen in tragedies such as portrayed by Shakespeare and other classical writers, thus defining Death of a Salesman as a tragedy. Willy Loman is a tragic hero. He fears that whileRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1144 Words   |  5 Pages Arthur Miller: Death of a Salesman Life for many in America are missing the same elements that â€Å"Death of a Salesman† exposed. Those element are love and direction. Many people face these struggles at some point in their life, but don’t know what to do to progress. Arthur Miller devised a style whereby he could show how your past can continuously impact on your future. Each character highlights the powerlessness of a dream to give meaning and control to human life. I disagree with someRead MoreWilly Lomans Descent Into Insanity Essay2104 Words   |  9 PagesArthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman follows protagonist Willy Loman in his search to better his and his family’s lives. Throughout Willy Loman’s career, his mind starts to wear down, causing predicaments between his wife, two sons and close friends. Willy’s descent into insanity is slowly but surely is taking its toll on him, his job and his family. They cannot understand why the man they have trusted for support all these years is suddenly losing his mind. Along with his slope into insanity

Television And The Spanish Radio Station - 865 Words

In its beginnings, no major or even minor radio station saw a future in Hispanic radio. Companies saw the Hispanic radio as a loss rather than an unopened door to a loyal public in not only the states, but all the way to many Mexican border cities. Yet, once brokers began the Spanish language programming, companies noticed how profitable these programs could potentially be. â€Å"Stations and advertisers began to understand the benefit of reaching an underserved audience in their native language, publishing station profiles and trade figures for Spanish-language stations. It was only in the late 1970s that marketers and advertisers â€Å"demonstrated any real interest in this group of consumers† (O’Guinn, 1980). â€Å"In 1980 the Federal Communications Commission found sixty-seven Spanish-oriented radio stations on the air. By the year 2000 the figure had increased dramatically to nearly six hundred, signifying a near 500 percent increase.21 The latest 2009 figures li st over one thousand radio stations that broadcast exclusively in Spanish† (Casillas, 2014). Spanish radio is known for catering to their immigrant-based listeners, which we discussed, has created an immense amount of loyal listeners. Economic growth has been a byproduct of the stations need for connecting with their listeners and their constant search for sufficing their needs. Economically, this has maintained their numbers high, both in listeners and dollars. â€Å"Both commercial and community-based radio stations routinelyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Hispanic Radio On American Society1132 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In its most basic form, the radio has always played an inherent role in the development of societies around the world. Before the mobile first generation, and even the television, the radio was the device that families would allow into their home and embrace as a connection to the outside world. With no exception to this rule, Hispanic radio has shaped the growing minorities role in American society ever since its boom. Hispanic radio has been the unifying force between Latino communitiesRead MoreThe Chilean Press1602 Words   |  7 Pagessocial issues, as well as events, influenced in changing and shaping the media, as we know it today. Chile’s first newspaper, La Aurora, was published in February 13, 1812. It was published by anti-royalist and was considered pro- patriotic and anti-Spanish. It consisted of a single sheet and was published weekly on Thursdays. La Aurora, ended its publication just fourteen months after it began, this was due to a new newspaper hitting the press: El Mercurio de Valparaiso. The paper began as a four pageRead MoreSignificant Events that Shaped America between 1940 and 19801499 Words   |  6 Pageshistory are not defined by how they actually happened but how they were interpreted. Be it by the people of that land or other lands looking in. In what ways do people receive the important news? News comes through media outlets such as radio, newspaper and television. Americans especially tend to take things at face value. â€Å"This information must be true, I read it in a newspaper.† In 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor and in the coming weeks thanks to newspaper, men an d underage boys were lined upRead MoreMedi A Powerful Tool Of Communication1409 Words   |  6 Pagesnearly 200 privately owned television stations, more than 480 radio stations, eight (8) national newspapers as well as many local ones. Of the various forms of media, radio is the most important source of news and information for many especially rural dwellers. This is as a result of the low literacy rates and also because the rural regions of the country have few televisions. Television reception is poor in many areas of the country and thus this broadcast media (radio) remains an important newsRead MorePositive And Negative Impact Of Mexico1299 Words   |  6 Pagesagriculturalists, hunters and gatherers, politicians, and religious leaders, forming civilizations and empires by conquering lands and forming cities (history-world.org, 2015). In 1519, Spanish explorers arrived on the shores of Mexico, and with the arrival of these conquistadors led by Hernando Cortez, Mexico unwillingly became a Spanish colony. For the next 302 years, Mexico’s native tribes were killed by European disease, captured during war, and losing land to confiscation (history-world.org, 2015). EventuallyRead MoreDifference Between Public And Commercial Broadcasting2281 Words   |  10 Pagesthe general public. The TV license is paid by the general public, financing all of the general public broadcasters. A commercial broadcaster is privately owned and they finance themselves through advertisements. The general public isn t paying the station. 2. The MacBride Report – The MacBride Report, was a 1980 UN agency publication written by the International Commission for the Study of Communication issues, chaired by Irish Nobel Laureate Seà ¡n MacBride. Its aim was to investigate communicationRead MoreConsumer Behavior (Argentina) Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagesjust over 40 million people, the Spanish speaking country has multiple aspects of consumer behavior that influence the way that people spend. Marketing in Argentina is communicated in ways very similar to the United States. Radio and television are large factors in how marketers reach consumers in Argentina. There are 170 AM radio stations and 2000 FM radio stations in Argentina with about twelve million radio sets in use and 46 television broadcasting stations with some eight million TV sets inRead MoreMexicos Current Electronic Media1468 Words   |  6 Pagescurrent electronic media and its future in media. Mexico is the third largest country in Latin America with one of the largest populations of over 119 million people († Mexico†). It is made up of 31 states with Mexico City being the federal district. Spanish is the country’s national language--in addition, 50 different indigenous languages are also spoken. Even though over time Mexico has grown and developed its civilization, the distribution of wealth remains imbalanced in several rural areas. This isRead MoreIntellectual Persuasion Of Radio Advertising1265 Words   |  6 Pages Intellectual Persuasion of Radio Advertising George Scott Bain MKG350-1 – Promotion and Public Relations Colorado State University – Global Campus Professor CherylAnn Farrell February 07, 2016 Introduction Each and everyday individuals—namely radio listeners—are emotionally stimulated by thousands of daily news and commercial messages. Consumers of this traditional technology have toRead MoreIntercultural Communication1648 Words   |  7 PagesStates of America consists of a plethora of cultures. The population of Mexico is 113.7 million people and increasing 1.10 percent annually (Huntington, 2005). Mexico’s population is an estimated 60 percent mixture of with indigenous heritage and Spanish. The multiple indigenous groups are approximately 30 percent, and the European ancestry is approximately nine percent. The largest city in Mexico is Mexico City and New York is the largest city in the United States of America. The two cities are over

Future of International Criminal Court †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Future of International Criminal Court. Answer: Introduction: The main aim of criminal law is to achieve the justice on behalf of the society which has been victimized, and on other hand international criminal law tries to achieve the justice in society but on larger scale. Everyone is affected when they see or hear that any crime is committed against the humanity or any genocide is occurring with an innocent men, women, and children and they are being terrorized and destroyed. As criminal Courts of states enforce national criminal law and also attempt to achieve the justice on behalf of the state, in same manner international criminal Court prosecute those persons who offends the international criminal law for the purpose of bring peace and order in international community. This paper analyzes the statement that despite of its noble intentions, international criminal justice is affected by the issues related to power and politics. It must be noted that this statement is examined on the basis of development of international criminal justice, its aim, and its process (Henham, 2007). Structure of this essay includes development of international criminal justice in lieu of Nuremberg traits, aims of international criminal justice, and impact of power and politics on ICJ. Lastly, paper is concluded with brief conclusion. There are number of International Courts and tribunals which had prosecuted international crimes since the establishment of the United Nations system in 1945. First tribunal set up by this system was the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, Germany, and this tribunal was established by treaty in August 1945 and one more international military tribunal was established in Tokyo, Japan. This tribunal was created in 1946 by the special proclamation of the Supreme Commander of Japan, U.S. General Douglas McArthur. Later, UN Security Council in the mid-1990s established International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal in Rwanda (ICTR). These tribunals were established after the happening of the human catastrophes which involved deliberative, large scale, and premeditated crimes in the Balkans and Central Africa. Subsequent aspect of hybrid and tribunals followed the concept of Yugoslavia and Rwanda, mandated to prosecute crimes at both domestic and international level. Almost four of these will considered as International Courts which includes the special court for Sierra Leone, and the extraordinary chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, and the Special Panels of Dili, Timor-Leste. Additionally various domestic courts got the power to prosecute international law which includes the Regulation 64 Panels in Kosovo and the War Crimes Chamber in Bosnia Herzegovina. All the experiments related to tribunals were considered as temporary and possessed limited temporal, territorial, and subject matter jurisdiction that initiated after the conclusion of conflict. This was not applicable in case of ICTY which was established when the conflict is still continued. After considering above facts, it is clear that these tribunals are different from the permanent international Court stated in The Hague, and their experience related to constructing an institution that resolved some of the more burdensome, lengthy, and expensive aspects of the ICTY and ICTR. The Nuremberg and Tokyo trials after the World War II, and this were considered as first attempt to criminalize the aggressive war and abuses against civilian populations. In the leadership of American prosecutor, and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Robert Jackson, the Nuremberg trial and its sister tribunal represents the law over the power, but it must be noted that these tribunals also represent justice (Rhea, 2008). ICJ is considered as missing link in the international legal system, and the ICJ at The Hague decided the cases between the states and not the individuals. In case international criminal court does not deal with individual responsibility as an enforcement mechanism then acts of human rights does not get punished. If ICC does not deal with crime in individual responsibility by way of enforcement mechanism then it might be possible that acts related to genocide and violations of human rights did not get punished. From last 50 years, many events occurred which can be considered as crimes against humanity and war crimes for which not even single individual is held accountable such as in Cambodia in 1970 almost 2 million people were killed by the Khmer Rouge. In case of armed conflicts of Mozambique, Liberia, El Salvador and other countries number of lives were losses which include majority numbers of unarmed woman and childrens (Simmon, 2016). As per the statute of ICC, this Court has jurisdiction over aggression, genocide, crimes which are against the humanity and war crimes. Article 8 of the statute states the war crimes on which ICC can exercise its jurisdiction. It includes number of the breaches which are stated in the 1949 Geneva Conventions, and it also includes serious violation of IHL which can also be considered as war crimes without considering whether such crimes were committed by armed forces of national and international level. Those offences which were specifically considered as war crimes include: Sexual slavery, rape, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy or other forms of sexual violence. It also includes use of children which are under the age of 15 years to participate actively in the hostilities. Therefore, ICJ is required to deal with these issues and bring order and peace in the community. International criminal court is permanent Court which prosecutes the individual on genocides, crimes which are against the humanity, and war crimes. ICC set four primary targets for the purpose of ensuring that worst preparatory must be held accountable for crimes committed by them and for the purpose of serving the Court as last resort which has power to investigate the matter, prosecute the offender, and punish the preparatory in lieu of genocides, crimes which are against the humanity, and war crimes. It also helps by assisting the national judiciaries in conducting the investigation and prosecution of perpetrators which allowed the state and give opportunity to first investigate the matter and prosecute for same and also help in promoting the peace and security. ICC achieve its primary objectives through negotiations with states, NGOs and also with the regional bodies which help the ICC in achieving their primary objectives and to prosecute the worst perpetrators in lieu of genocides, crimes which are against the humanity, and war crimes. Usually, it is difficult process for such larger organization such as tension identified within state from criminal activities such as Lubanga does not easily allowed the interference of any outside authority and applies any major power, and this is happen in many other cases such as present circumstances of Libya (ICC, n.d.). Process of ICJ: ICC usually founds the treaty known as Rome Statute which allowed the jurisdiction of ICC over four main crimes, and these crimes include: First crime include crime of genocide which is defined as specific intention of national, ethnic, racial or religious group to destroy complete or partly by killing the members of own group and members of other groups, or by causing serious injury and mental harm to the members of own group and members of other groups. Intentionally destroying the group condition either in whole or in part by imposing measures which prevent the births within the group or by forcibly transferring the children of one group to another group. Second crime considered by ICC is the crime against humanity which are considered as serious violations of humanity and considered as large scale attack against the civilian population. Rome statute defined 15 different forms of crime against humanity and these offences include Sexual slavery, rape, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy or other forms of sexual violence. It also includes use of children which are under the age of 15 years to participate actively in the hostilities. Thirdly war crimes are considered breach of Geneva conventions in lieu of armed forces and it includes use the childrens a soldiers, killing and torture the persons as civilians or torture the prisoners of wars, directing the attacks against the hospitals and historic monuments, etc (ICC, 2017). Strength and weakness of ICJ process: The idea behind the ICC defines the relationship exists between the International Criminal Court (ICC) and national jurisdictions, and this relationship is applauded and also criticized. The basic concept behind the ICC defines that states have primary responsibility to investigate the matter and to prosecute the crime in the Rome statute, and ICC is considered as backup Court. As per this idea ICC respect the sovereignty of the state and also place significant control in the national jurisdiction of state. On the other hand, secondary role of ICC weakens the position of the Court which reduces the accountability of ICC in matters related to genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The most important issue exists between the relationships between the two is ICC is considered as secondary Court to national jurisdictions, and because of this it becomes more weaker as compared to other international Courts such as ICTY and ICTR as these Courts are not considered as secondary court to national jurisdiction. The major effect related to this inherent weakness is that Court possessed less authority over the states such as states have power to decide whether they want to continue the investigation and prosecution or not (Carter, 2013). Impact of power and politics: Now days, it is justified to said that international criminal justice is influenced with politics. From many years, war crimes were called to the tribunals and critics stated that it was clearly influenced by the politics. After some time this concept has become more acceptable even the proponents of institutions such as ICC is considered as project of international criminal justice which is not only influenced by the politics but itself are political in nature. Some hold outs are still present which states that folks living on islands were considered as pursuit of accountability for being the worst human beings on earth and it also needs project reflects politics. Therefore, the fact states that ICJ is political in nature are considered as true fact because ICJ must be political in nature and it cannot sustain in any other way. However, maximum aspects of ICC states that other tribunals does not reflect concept of legal and judicial projects but they reflect the political promises h eld by international system (Megret, 2002). Criticism is growing in continuous basis against the ICJ, and this is not only happening because of the performance of international criminal justice actors but it also happens because of the power distributed among them. Power play very important role because states and sovereign governments are considered as major stakeholders of ICC which influence the decision making power of ICC for their own sake which directly reduce the efficiency of ICC decision making (Ainley, 2015). Conclusion: After considering the above facts, it is clear that ICC is influenced from both politics and power, but it also ensures its goal of peace and order in community. Four major goals of ICC includes prosecutes the individual on genocides, crimes which are against the humanity, and war crimes. It also ensures that worst preparatory must be held accountable for crimes committed by them and for the purpose of serving the Court as last resort which has power to investigate the matter, prosecute the offender, and punish the preparatory in lieu of genocides, crimes which are against the humanity, and war crimes. Maximum aspects of ICC states that other tribunals does not reflect concept of legal and judicial projects but they reflect the political promises held by international system. References: Ainley, K. (2015). The responsibility to protect and the International Criminal Court: counteracting the crisis. International Affairs, Volume 91 (1). pp. 37-54. Carter, E. L., (2013). The Future of the International Criminal Court: Complementarity as a Strength or a Weakness?. Available at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1446context=law_globalstudies. Accessed on 27th October 2017. Henham, R. (2007). Theorising law and legitimacy in international criminal justice. International Journal of Law in Context, 3,3 pp. 257274. ICC, (2017). How the Court works. Available at: https://www.icc-cpi.int/about/how-the-court-works. Accessed on 27th October 2017. ICC, (2017). Understanding the International Criminal Court. Available at: https://www.icc-cpi.int/iccdocs/PIDS/publications/UICCEng.pdf. Accessed on 27th October 2017. Megret, F. (2002). The politics of international Criminal Justice. Available at: https://www.ejil.org/pdfs/13/5/1586.pdf. Accessed on 27th October 2017. Rhea, M. J. (2008). The Nuremberg effect on contemporary international criminal justice. Criminal Justice Studies Vol. 21 (4), Pp-361-372. Simmons A. B. (2016). Can the International Criminal Court Deter Atrocity?. Faculty Scholarship.Paper 1686. Darnaska, R. M. (2008). What is the Point of International Criminal Justice. .Faculty Scholarship Series.Paper 1573.

The Western Roman Empire The Significance of Its Collapse

The Western Roman Empire was one of the parts of the Roman Empire, located on the west, with its capital Mediolanum, now known as Milan. There were several periods of the Western Roman Empire’s existence, and the abdication of Romulus Augustus was the final reason of the Western Roman Empire’s official fall.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Western Roman Empire: The Significance of Its Collapse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After that empire announced its end, a new era began, and it was called the Middle Ages, also known as the Dark Ages, the period when the Islamic world changed considerably and Islamic traditions became more and more significant and recognizable by the whole world (Stearns Langer, 101). However, lots of other problems in political and cultural spheres took place, as lots of people wanted to present own rules and traditions. If the Western Roman Empire had survived even in a shrunken form because of Italian influence and pressure, the development of European and Islamic cultures and their history would have changed considerably: the role of churches would not have been so significant as it had been during the Middle Ages and the Middle Asia would not have learnt Islamic culture on a profound level. The fall of the Western Roman Empire was the most noticeable signal for the start of the Early Middle Ages. When the Empire lost its power and influence over other countries and nations, it turned into one more decentralized region of Europe. This collapse gave a green light for the development of many other religions and the possibility to occupy the territory of the Western Roman Empire for other tribes and nations. The point is that the Western Roman Empire was a kind of split of several different traditions and religions. The Romans felt the power to unite everything and not to share with other countries. However, the collapse of the Western Roman Empir e led to the division of certain common ideas and interests and created more opportunities for other religions to develop and spread over the whole world. So, this fall of one of the greatest empires in the world during the Ancient Ages caused numerous changed and provided other nations with an opportunity to spread and gain recognition. Now, it is high time to imagine what could happen to all European and Islamic countries, if the Western Roman Empire had continued its existence, even in a shrunken form. Well, first of all, the role of churches was not widely spread over the world, and the Middle Ages were not so popular because of its religious aspects. Even more, it is hardly to imagine whether the Middle Ages started in the middle of the 5th century.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another significant point is the spread of Islam over the other countries of the Central Asia. Such co untries as Uzbekistan and Afghanistan would not have heard about Islam and its rules concerning the matter of devotion to own nation and traditions; so that numerous wars between Afghanistan and other European countries would not take place. The events, which happened at the middle of the 5th century concerning â€Å" Western civilization from the Roman Empire to the Middle Ages was a story of decline and decay† (Goldberg, 1995). Of course, it is impossible to change the history, however, it is possible to evaluate how significant one mistake may be for the rest of the world. The Western Roman Empire was not the most powerful nation during the Ancient Ages, however, its collapse gave a way for new achievements and rather significant development of the events. Lots of European and Islamic countries won a lot from that collapse: churches became crucially important, Islam became its development over the world, and people got a chance to feel that the existence of one nation may considerably influence the development of the others. Works Cited Goldberg, Eric, J. The Fall of the Roman Empire Revisited: Sidonius Appolinaris and His Crisis of Identity. 1995. Web. Stearns, Peter, N. Langer, William, L. The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001. This essay on The Western Roman Empire: The Significance of Its Collapse was written and submitted by user Orange Rhinoceros to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Unification Of Italy Essays - Prime Ministers Of Italy,

Unification Of Italy The statement powerful forces are more dominant than any leader in making history is false. Men with power can be more influential than an economy, nationalism, or liberalism. Camillo Benso better known as Count Cavour or plain Cavour was the man mainly responsible for uniting Italy. Cavour though a series of fighting and diplomacy united the country. Cavour, Prime Minister in piedmont, insults the king of Piedmont. As a result he gets thrown out of the country because of his wanting to unite Italy. He is interested in politics and the status of Italy so he goes to England to read the free press. In doing this he learns English. By discovering what is happening in the world he goes back to Italy and becomes a philanthropist and builds railroads in Italy and shows the peasants how to turn there subsistence farming to cash crops. After to spread his influence throughout Italy he made the Risorgimento a newspaper in Italy. This newspaper had two reasons for being created: Cavour wanted a constitution for Italy and wanted to get Austrian troops out of Italian soil. The reason for Austria's presents was it wanted to keep Italy spread apart so it wouldn't have two enemies to deal with on both borders, the north (Prussia) and the south (Italy). There was a vote was taken during this time and the countries of Tuscany, Parma, Modena and th e Papal States. This made Italy and France was an accomplice. Now that Italy was a country Garibalbi , a popular revolutionary, retired after being defeated at Naples. Cavour had now done what he had planed and formed a united Italy. Before Bismark comes into play in the unification there are procuresses to his entrance. The Zollerin is one of them. It is the formal Customs Union use by the Prussian. This brought chaos to the economic system of the German states. The other factors that come into play is that Prussia and Geramn have one Railroad and telegraph system. In the 1860's the balance of power reversed itself. Now Prussia had the power to pursue uniting Germany. Prussia also had another advantage all their armies were equipped with the new breech loading rifles. Germany under the influence of one man was united. The main influence of this unification is man named Bismark. Otto Von Bismark was made Prussian delegate at the Diet of Frankfurt. Bismark ignored the constitutional problem of the German Confederacy and in its place made military reforms. Germany finally becomes united with hand of Bismark. In conclusion men with power are more influential than any kind of forces. Bismark and Cavour were that influential power that changed or united their country's' states. Without those men present day Italy and Germany would not be anything now. History Essays

Free Essays on Great Depression

The Great Depression and the New Deal. In 1932 almost 1500 banks failed, 32,00 businesses closed their doors and one-fourth of the labor force in the United States was unemployed. In that same year Franklin Delanore Roosevelt was elected president. He took office in 1933 with the economy and the nation in a severe depression. For the first three years of the Great Depression the government did very little to help the economy to recover. This all changed when FDR and his democratic administration took control. This administration initiated the "New Deal." This program brought together the federal and the state governments. The states received federal grants, which provided funding for such programs as public works projects, housing assistance, aid to families with dependent children, unemployment compensation and many other programs. These programs helped to eventually pull the economy and the nation out of the Great Depression. The main question is why the democratic administration and FDR felt these programs would work, and why they felt such a dramatic change in the role of the government was needed. For the answer we must turn to an economist by the name of John Maynard Keynes. He developed an economic theory that said that the forces of supply and demand operated to slowly in a serious recession, and the federal government should step in and help stimulate the economy. This theory became known as Keynesian Economics. In terms of the Great Depression the economy was at a serious imbalance because the public sector was saving more than usual and the business sector was not investing at a typical level. Therefore the government needed to step on and stimulate the economy. This stimulation was seen in the actions of the government in the "New Deal." Slowly but surely the steps taken by the government pulled the nation's economy out of the recession it faced for so many years. Fran... Free Essays on Great Depression Free Essays on Great Depression Great Depression was during 1929 through 1939. It was one of the hardest time people had gone through. There wasn’t money like there is now or transportation. I interviewed six different people on the day of 1-13-00. I learned many things; such as how there wasn’t food, money, clothing, transportation, and many other things during the time of the depression. I’m going to tell you stories I heard also my feeling on things. On the day of January 1st of 2000, I had gone to a nursing home by the name of Millers Mary Manor located on route 6 in Lake Station. There I had interviewed many different people: The fist one I’m going to tell you about was a man who went by the name Nicholas Georgeif. His age wasn’t spoken of. He was a teenager during the depression. His father worked on the farm as he attended school during the day. After school him and his sisters and brothers had helped on the farm. Back then money was tight you worked for a dollar a day or seventy-five cents to round up a heard of cattle. He served in the military for four years and two months. He didn’t talk much of how it was or had effected him during the time. He then became interested in photography and bought his first camera for a dollar. He told us how he remembered Franklin Roosevelt had put together a WPA it was a workers writers project. Roosevelt had gave those who didn’t have jobs a job on the WPA, they worked on highways and roads for around a dollar a day. Also Nicholas stated how he (Roosevelt) put together CC camps. Which is civilian conversational corps, for children to st ay of the streets and out of trouble. After Nicholas had been out of the military he became a photographer for a living. He also had taken pictures of Albert Einstein. To make a long story short†¦ He wasn’t shy back then. He walked up to Einstein’s door and stated who he was and wanted to take a picture of him. It went from there†¦ He had taken the picture met his wi... Free Essays on Great Depression The Great Depression and the New Deal. In 1932 almost 1500 banks failed, 32,00 businesses closed their doors and one-fourth of the labor force in the United States was unemployed. In that same year Franklin Delanore Roosevelt was elected president. He took office in 1933 with the economy and the nation in a severe depression. For the first three years of the Great Depression the government did very little to help the economy to recover. This all changed when FDR and his democratic administration took control. This administration initiated the "New Deal." This program brought together the federal and the state governments. The states received federal grants, which provided funding for such programs as public works projects, housing assistance, aid to families with dependent children, unemployment compensation and many other programs. These programs helped to eventually pull the economy and the nation out of the Great Depression. The main question is why the democratic administration and FDR felt these programs would work, and why they felt such a dramatic change in the role of the government was needed. For the answer we must turn to an economist by the name of John Maynard Keynes. He developed an economic theory that said that the forces of supply and demand operated to slowly in a serious recession, and the federal government should step in and help stimulate the economy. This theory became known as Keynesian Economics. In terms of the Great Depression the economy was at a serious imbalance because the public sector was saving more than usual and the business sector was not investing at a typical level. Therefore the government needed to step on and stimulate the economy. This stimulation was seen in the actions of the government in the "New Deal." Slowly but surely the steps taken by the government pulled the nation's economy out of the recession it faced for so many years. Fran... Free Essays on Great Depression Could the Great Depression of the mid 1920’s to late 1930’s have been prevented? Could we have prevented laying off 1/3 of the labor force and make people beg for minimum wage jobs during the 1930’s? Could we have prevented people panic selling their stalks in October of 1929 when the stalk market crashed? Could it be blamed on economic problems brought to us by WW1? I believe that the Great Depression could have been prevented and I have the answers to these questions and more in the following paragraphs. Many people prospered in the 1920’s but many did not. Prosperity was unequally shared the wealthy got wealthier and the poor got poorer. If you were rich you were rich that’s it, but if you were poor you were either a laborer or a farmer. However it wasn’t going to stay that way forever, on October 24,1929 people suddenly started selling there stalks. Over 12 million in stalks were lost on one day but New York bankers held the market. Five days later October 29, 1929 the market crashed again this time for good loosing over $30 billion was lost people named the day black Tuesday. The solution to this problem would have been very simple if the government at the time had any common sense at. All they would have to do is what the government following up the September 11, 2001 event did when everyone started to panic sell their stocks the president rallied all the head honchos of the country and made them make some sort of public message telling the people its ok we d on’t need to panic sell our stocks there is nothing bad going to happen you don’t need to sell your stalks.... Free Essays on Great Depression Great Depression in the United States, worst and longest economic collapse in the history of the modern industrial world, lasting from the end of 1929 until the early 1940s. Beginning in the United States, the depression spread to most of the world’s industrial countries, which in the 20th century had become economically dependent on one another. The Great Depression saw rapid declines in the production and sale of goods and a sudden, severe rise in unemployment. Businesses and banks closed their doors, people lost their jobs, homes, and savings, and many depended on charity to survive. In 1933, at the worst point in the depression, more than 15 million Americans- one-quarter of the nation’s workforce- were unemployed. The depression was caused by a number of serious weaknesses in the economy. Although the 1920s appeared on the surface to be a prosperous time, income was unevenly distributed. The wealthy made large profits, but more and more Americans spent more than they earned, and farmers faced low prices and heavy debt. The lingering effects of World War I (1914-1918) caused economic problems in many countries, as Europe struggled to pay war debts and reparations. These problems contributed to the crisis that began the Great Depression: the disastrous U.S. stock market crash of 1929, which ruined thousands of investors and destroyed confidence in the economy. Continuing throughout the 1930s, the depression ended in the United States only when massive spending for World War II began. The depression produced lasting effects on the United States that are still apparent more than half a century after it ended. It led to the election of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who created the programs known as the New Deal to overcome the effects of the Great Depression. These programs expanded government intervention into new areas of social and economic concerns and created social-assistance measures on the national level. The Grea... Free Essays on Great Depression In U.S. history, the severe economic crisis supposedly precipitated by the U.S. stock-market crash of 1929. Although it shared the basic characteristics of other such crises. The Great Depression was unprecedented in its length and in the wholesale poverty and tragedy it inflicted on society. Economists have disagreed over its causes, but certain causative factors are generally accepted. The prosperity of the 1920s was unevenly distributed among the various parts of the American economy farmers and unskilled workers were notably excluded with the result that the nation's productive capacity was greater than its capacity to consume. In addition, the tariff and war-debt policies of the Republican administrations of the 1920s had cut down the foreign market for American goods. Finally, easy-money policies led to an inordinate expansion of credit and installment buying and fantastic speculation in the stock market. The American depression produced severe effects abroad, especially in Europe, where many countries had not fully recovered from the aftermath of World War I; in Germany, the economic disaster and resulting social dislocation contributed to the rise of Adolf Hitler. In the United States, at the depth (1932-33) of the depression, there were 16 million unemployed about one third of the available labor force. The gross national product declined from the 1929 figure of $103,828,000,000 to $55,760,000,000 in 1933. The economic, agricultural, and relief policies of the New Deal administration under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt did a great deal to mitigate the effects of the depression and, most importantly, to restore a sense of confidence to the American people. Yet it is generally agreed that complete business recovery was not achieved and unemployment ended until the government began to spend heavily for defense in the early 1940s.... Free Essays on Great Depression The Great Depression was the worst economic decline ever in U.S. history. It began in late 1929 and lasted about a decade. Throughout the 1920’s, many factors played a role in bringing about the depression; the main causes were the unequal distribution of wealth and extensive stock market speculation. Money was distributed unequally between the rich and the middle-class, between industry and agriculture within the United States, and between the U.S. and Europe. This disproportion of wealth created an unstable economy. Before the Great Depression, the "roaring twenties" was an era during which the United States prospered tremendously. The nation's total income rose from $74.3 billion in 1923 to $89 billion in 1929. However, the rewards of the "Coolidge Prosperity" of the 1920's were not shared evenly among all Americans. In 1929, the top 0.1 percentage of Americans had a combined income equal to the bottom 42%. That same top 0.1 percentage of Americans in 1929 controlled 34% of all savings, while 80% of Americans had no savings at all. Automotive industry tycoon Henry Ford provides an example of the unequal distribution of wealth between the rich and the middle-class. Henry Ford reported a personal income of $14 million in the same year that the average personal income was $750. This poor distribution of income between the rich and the middle class grew throughout the 1920's. While the disposable income per capita rose 9% from 1920 to 1929, those with income within the top 1-percentage enjoyed an extraordinary 75% increase in per capita disposable income. These market crashes, combined with the poor distribution of wealth, caused the American economy to overturn. Increased manufacturing output throughout this period created this large and growing gap between the rich and the working class. From 1923-1929, the average output per worker increased 32% in manufacturing. During that same period of time average wages for manu...

Bone Remodeling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Bone Remodeling - Essay Example Bone remodeling is a process of a lifetime in which the old bone is removed by the osteoclasts and replaced by osteoblasts.(9) Parafitt AM., 2002 described the cellular basis of the normal bone remodeling sequence in the human adult to a cycle that constitutes three stages, quiescence, activation, resorption, reversal, formation, and return to quiescence (1). The major reasons of remodeling is to enable the bones to respond and adapt to mechanical stress as occurs as a result of physical exercise and during the mechanical lading as occurs during orthodontic tooth movement. This article outlines the major research carried out in the past decade in the cellular basis of bone remodeling. The aspects included are the relationship between the hormone and localized factors that affect the phenomenon. The dependence of the localized factors and the proteins during the bone resorption is critically discussed. The understanding provided by the RANK/RANKL/OPG paradigm for both the differentiat ion and their activation of the osteoclast is also discussed. Bone undergoes constant bone remodeling and it is a very complex process. In his review article Hill PA., 1998 described four stages involved in bone remodeling, namely, resorptive phase reversal phase, formative phase and resting phase. In the resorptive phase, the activated multinucleated osteoclast derived from bone marrow resorbs a discrete area of mineralized bone matrix. The latter stage than follows in which the osteoblast precursor cells, which can locally proliferate and differentiate into osteoblast migrate into the resorption lacuna and disclose the former osteoclastic activity. The osteoblast deposits new bone matrix which is initially unmineralized and called osteroid and in this way fills the resorption lacuna. This phase is the formative phase. Finally the resting phase is followed. Once embedded in the osteroid, the osteoblast matures into terminally differentiated osteocytes. The osteoblast lying on the surface on the surface of the newly formed bone packet are quie scent lining cells activated.(11) Osteoclast and osteoblast lay the basis of bone remodeling and significant research is been carried out in the past decade. It is known that both osteoblasts and osteoclasts function under the regulation of many factors(3, 7), systemic and local among which insulin, insulin-like growth factors-I, bone-morphogenetic factors and Wnt protins are the potent bone anabolic factors(13). Recently, it was reported that phosphoinosidine-dependent serine-threonine protein kinase Akt plays a major role in signaling of the potent bone anabolic factors. Akt1, a major Akt in osteoclast and osteoblast has a novel role. Akt1 phosphorylates the transcription factor FoxO3a to restrict its nuclear localization, thus suspending the transactivation of its target gene Bim which is also known to be a potent proapoptotic molecule in osteoblasts. This research established that Akt1 plays a crucial regulator of osteoclast and osteoblast by promoting the differentiation and su rvival to maintain bone marrow and turnover.(8) Bone resporption is mainly dependent on a cytokine RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand), which is a TNF (tumor necrosis factor), that is vital for the osteoclast formation, activity and survival